The 52 symptoms of major depression: Lack of content overlap among seven common depression scales
The 52 symptoms of major depression: Lack of content overlap among seven common depression scales
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.019
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发表时间：
2017-01-15
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Fried, Eiko I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fried, Eiko I.
背景资料：抑郁症的严重程度在许多研究学科中进行评估，从社会科学到遗传学，并用作因变量，预测因子，协变量或招募参与者。常规的做法是用一个特定的抑郁量表来评估抑郁症的严重程度，并得出关于抑郁症的一般结论，依赖于假设量表是抑郁症的可互换测量。方法：采用内容分析法，通过Jaccard指数（0=无重叠，1=完全重叠）判断7个抑郁量表之间的症状重叠程度。每个规模，特异质症状的比率，和具体与复合symptoms的比率，calculated.Results：这7个工具包括52个不同的症状。所有尺度之间的平均重叠较低（0.36），每个尺度与所有其他尺度的平均重叠范围为0.27至0.40，单个尺度之间的重叠范围为0.26至0.61。症状特征平均跨越3个量表，40%的症状仅出现在单个量表中，12%跨越所有工具。量表在特异质症状（0-33%）和复合症状（22-90%）方面存在差异。局限性：未来的研究需要分析更多不同的量表，以更好地估计抑郁症症状的数量;目前的内容分析是保守的，可能低估了7个量表的异质性。抑郁综合征的异质性和低重叠的规模可能会导致研究结果的特质，以特定的规模使用，构成威胁的可复制性和普遍性的抑郁症研究。的影响和未来的研究机会进行了讨论。
Background: Depression severity is assessed in numerous research disciplines, ranging from the social sciences to genetics, and used as a dependent variable, predictor, covariate, or to enroll participants. The routine practice is to assess depression severity with one particular depression scale, and draw conclusions about depression in general, relying on the assumption that scales are interchangeable measures of depression. The present paper investigates to which degree 7 common depression scales differ in their item content and generalizability.Methods: A content analysis is carried out to determine symptom overlap among the 7 scales via the Jaccard index (0=no overlap, 1=full overlap). Per scale, rates of idiosyncratic symptoms, and rates of specific vs. compound symptoms, are computed.Results: The 7 instruments encompass 52 disparate symptoms. Mean overlap among all scales is low (0.36), mean overlap of each scale with all others ranges from 0.27 to 0.40, overlap among individual scales from 0.26 to 0.61. Symptoms feature across a mean of 3 scales, 40% of the symptoms appear in only a single scale, 12% across all instruments. Scales differ regarding their rates of idiosyncratic symptoms (0-33%) and compound symptoms (22-90%).Limitations: Future studies analyzing more and different scales will be required to obtain a better estimate of the number of depression symptoms; the present content analysis was carried out conservatively and likely underestimates heterogeneity across the 7 scales.Conclusion: The substantial heterogeneity of the depressive syndrome and low overlap among scales may lead to research results idiosyncratic to particular scales used, posing a threat to the replicability and generalizability of depression research. Implications and future research opportunities are discussed.