Cope's rule in the evolution of marine animals
Cope's rule in the evolution of marine animals
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1260065
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发表时间：
2015-02-20
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Payne, Jonathan L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heim, Noel A.;Knope, Matthew L.;Payne, Jonathan L.
科普规则提出，随着时间的推移，动物谱系会朝着更大的体型进化。为了在所有海洋动物中验证这一假设，我们编制了过去 5.42 亿年来 17,208 个海洋动物属的体型数据集。自寒武纪以来，各属的平均生物量增加了 150 倍，而最小生物量减少了不到 10 倍，最大生物量增加了 100,000 倍以上。从小初始值开始的中性漂移无法解释这种模式。相反，大部分体型的增加反映了不同类别之间的差异多样化，这表明该模式并不反映种群内对较大体型的广泛而持久的选择的简单扩大。
Cope's rule proposes that animal lineages evolve toward larger body size over time. To test this hypothesis across all marine animals, we compiled a data set of body sizes for 17,208 genera of marine animals spanning the past 542 million years. Mean biovolume across genera has increased by a factor of 150 since the Cambrian, whereas minimum biovolume has decreased by less than a factor of 10, and maximum biovolume has increased by more than a factor of 100,000. Neutral drift from a small initial value cannot explain this pattern. Instead, most of the size increase reflects differential diversification across classes, indicating that the pattern does not reflect a simple scaling-up of widespread and persistent selection for larger size within populations.