The categories, frequencies, and stability of idiosyncratic eye-movement patterns to faces.
The categories, frequencies, and stability of idiosyncratic eye-movement patterns to faces.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2016.10.013
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Baker CI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arizpe J;Walsh V;Yovel G;Baker CI
对于神经系统健康的个体来说，眼睛对面部运动的空间模式被认为是典型的，在内部面部特征上呈大致 T 形分布，峰值注视密度倾向于左眼（观察者的视角）。然而，最近的研究表明，与这种经典模式的显着偏差在人群中很常见，并且随着时间的推移高度稳定。经典模式实际上反映了个体中这些不同的特殊眼球运动模式的平均值。之前尚未专门研究不同类型特殊眼动模式的自然类别和各自的频率，因此我们分析了 48 名参与者的眼动空间模式，以估计正常健康人群中不同种类的个体眼动模式对面部的频率。发现了四个自然簇，大约 25% 的参与者注视密度峰值集中在左眼区域（观察者视角），23% 集中在右眼区域，31% 集中在鼻根/鼻梁区域，20% 集中在跨越鼻子、人中和上唇的区域。我们没有发现特定的特殊眼球运动模式与识别性能之间存在任何关系。试验初期，个体的眼球运动模式比后来的更加刻板，并且随着试验时间的推移，特殊的注视模式逐渐演变。最后，虽然面部倒立强烈调节了眼球运动模式，但与直立面部相比，倒立面部的个体模式并没有变得不那么明显。群体平均注视模式不能很好地代表个体模式，因此探索这种个体模式对于未来的视觉认知研究具有价值。
The spatial pattern of eye-movements to faces considered typical for neurologically healthy individuals is a roughly T-shaped distribution over the internal facial features with peak fixation density tending toward the left eye (observer’s perspective). However, recent studies indicate that striking deviations from this classic pattern are common within the population and are highly stable over time. The classic pattern actually reflects the average of these various idiosyncratic eye-movement patterns across individuals. The natural categories and respective frequencies of different types of idiosyncratic eye-movement patterns have not been specifically investigated before, so here we analyzed the spatial patterns of eye-movements for 48 participants to estimate the frequency of different kinds of individual eye-movement patterns to faces in the normal healthy population. Four natural clusters were discovered such that approximately 25% of our participants’ fixation density peaks clustered over the left eye region (observer’s perspective), 23% over the right eye-region, 31% over the nasion/bridge region of the nose, and 20% over the region spanning the nose, philthrum, and upper lips. We did not find any relationship between particular idiosyncratic eye-movement patterns and recognition performance. Individuals’ eye-movement patterns early in a trial were more stereotyped than later ones and idiosyncratic fixation patterns evolved with time into a trial. Finally, while face inversion strongly modulated eye-movement patterns, individual patterns did not become less distinct for inverted compared to upright faces. Group-averaged fixation patterns do not represent individual patterns well, so exploration of such individual patterns is of value for future studies of visual cognition.