Replacing sedentary time with sleep, light, or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: effects on self-regulation and executive functioning.
Replacing sedentary time with sleep, light, or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: effects on self-regulation and executive functioning.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10865-016-9788-9
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发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
McAuley E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fanning J;Porter G;Awick EA;Ehlers DK;Roberts SA;Cooke G;Burzynska AZ;Voss MW;Kramer AF;McAuley E
最近的关注强调了减少久坐时间对保持健康和生活质量的重要性。然而，目前还不清楚改变久坐行为如何影响执行功能和自我调节策略的使用，这对长期维持健康行为方案至关重要。这项横断面研究的目的是检查估计的自我调节和执行功能的影响，取代30分钟的久坐行为与30分钟的轻度活动，中度到剧烈的体力活动（MVPA），或睡眠的样本中的老年人。这项研究报告了从低活动的健康老年人（N = 247，平均年龄65.4±4.6岁）中收集的基线数据，这些老年人被招募参加一项为期6个月的随机对照运动试验，检查各种运动模式对大脑健康和功能的影响。每个参与者都完成了身体活动自我调节策略使用的评估（即，自我监控，目标设定，社会支持，强化，时间管理和复发预防）和执行功能。在每个时间点连续七天的清醒时间内使用加速度计测量身体活动和久坐行为。进行等时替代分析，以检查对自我调节和执行功能的影响，个人替代久坐不动的时间与轻活动，MVPA，或睡眠。用睡眠和MVPA替代久坐时间会影响自我调节策略的使用和执行功能。睡眠与更强的自我监控（B = 0.23，p = 0.02）、目标设定（B = 0.32，p <0.01）和社会支持（B = 0.18，p = 0.01）行为相关。用MVPA代替久坐时间，在2项（B = 0.03，p = 0.01）和3项（B = 0.02，p = 0.04）空间工作记忆任务上的准确率更高，在单一（B =-23.12，p = 0.03）和混合重复任务切换块（B =-27.06，p = 0.04）上的反应时间更快。用睡眠替代久坐时间与混合重复任务转换块的反应时间（B =-12.20，p = 0.07）和混合转换块的反应时间（B = 17.21，p = 0.05）略微加快相关，同时降低了整体反应时间转换成本（B =-16.86，p = 0.01）。替代轻强度的体力活动并没有产生显着的影响。通过用睡眠和MVPA取代久坐不动的时间，个人可以加强自我调节行为和执行功能的几个重要领域。这对设计持久的健康行为干预措施具有重要意义。
Recent attention has highlighted the importance of reducing sedentary time for maintaining health and quality of life. However, it is unclear how changing sedentary behavior may influence executive functions and self-regulatory strategy use, which are vital for the long-term maintenance of a health behavior regimen. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to examine the estimated self-regulatory and executive functioning effects of substituting 30 minutes of sedentary behavior with 30 minutes of light activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or sleep in a sample of older adults. This study reports baseline data collected from low-active healthy older adults (N = 247, mean age 65.4±4.6 years) recruited to participate in a six month randomized controlled exercise trial examining the effects of various modes of exercise on brain health and function. Each participant completed assessments of physical activity self-regulatory strategy use (i.e., self-monitoring, goal-setting, social support, reinforcement, time management, and relapse prevention) and executive functioning. Physical activity and sedentary behaviors were measured using accelerometers during waking hours for seven consecutive days at each time point. Isotemporal substitution analyses were conducted to examine the effect on self-regulation and executive functioning should an individual substitute sedentary time with light activity, MVPA, or sleep. The substitution of sedentary time with both sleep and MVPA influenced both self-regulatory strategy use and executive functioning. Sleep was associated with greater self-monitoring (B = .23, p = .02), goal-setting (B = .32, p < .01), and social support (B = .18, p = .01) behaviors. Substitution of sedentary time with MVPA was associated with higher accuracy on 2-item (B = .03, p = .01) and 3-item (B = .02, p = .04) spatial working memory tasks, and with faster reaction times on single (B = −23.12, p = .03) and mixed-repeated task-switching blocks (B = −27.06, p = .04). Substitution of sedentary time with sleep was associated with marginally faster reaction time on mixed-repeated task-switching blocks (B = − 12.20, p = .07) and faster reaction time on mixed-switch blocks (B = 17.21, p = .05), as well as reduced global reaction time switch cost (B = −16.86, p = .01). Substitution for light intensity physical activity did not produce significant effects. By replacing sedentary time with sleep and MVPA, individuals may bolster several important domains of self-regulatory behavior and executive functioning. This has important implications for the design of long-lasting health behavior interventions.