Calving and calving management of beef cows and heifers on cow-calf operations in the United States
Calving and calving management of beef cows and heifers on cow-calf operations in the United States
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DOI：
10.1016/s0093-691x(03)00145-6
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发表时间：
2004-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Mortimer, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dargatz, DA;Dewell, GA;Mortimer, RG
联系了一个全国性的母牛-小牛生产者样本，让他们参加一项研究，以描述美国各地选定的产犊管理做法。收集有关产犊季节、难产频率、观察频率、辅助时间和产犊设施的信息。评价的所有参数均存在区域和畜群规模差异。大多数小牛（63.9%）出生在2月，3月和4月。总体而言，16.7%的小母牛和2.7%的奶牛在产犊时需要某种程度的帮助。在产犊季节，每24小时检查小母牛和奶牛平均仅3.6和2.5次。生产者允许小母牛劳动平均2.8小时之前，贷款援助产犊，而奶牛被允许平均3.5小时之前提供援助。此外，只有39.6%的产犊发生在专门的产犊区，这可能是为了增加观察频率，及时干预和保护。总的来说，这些管理实践表明，在许多奶牛群中存在改善小牛存活率和提高繁殖效率的机会。(C)2003年爱思唯尔科学公司All rights reserved.
A national sample of cow-calf producers was contacted to participate in a study to describe selected calving management practices on operations throughout the United States. Information was gathered on calving season, frequency of dystocia, frequency of observation, timing of assistance, and calving facilities. Regional and herd size differences existed in all parameters evaluated. Most calves (63.9%) were born in the months of February, March, and April. Overall, 16.7% of heifers and 2.7% of cows required some level of assistance in calving. Heifers and cows were checked an average of only 3.6 and 2.5 times per 24 h period during the calving season. Producers allowed heifers to labor for an average of 2.8 h prior to lending assistance in calving while cows were allowed an average of 3.5 h before providing assistance. In addition, only 39.6% of calvings took place in specialized calving areas presumably to allow increased observation frequency, timely intervention and protection from the elements. Collectively, these management practices illustrate that opportunities exist to improve calf survivability and increase reproductive efficiency in many cow herds. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.