Anxiety disorders in children and their families.
Anxiety disorders in children and their families.
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810340060008
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发表时间：
1991-10
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. G. Last;M. Hersen;A. Kazdin;H. Orvaschel;S. Perrin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. G. Last;M. Hersen;A. Kazdin;H. Orvaschel;S. Perrin
研究人员将焦虑症儿童的一级和二级亲属与注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的亲属以及从未患过精神疾病的儿童的终生精神病理疾病，特别是焦虑症的发生率进行了比较。来自盲目诊断性访谈的结果表明，与患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的儿童和从未患有精神疾病的儿童的亲属相比，患有焦虑症的儿童的一级亲属的焦虑症患病率更高。儿童特定焦虑症与其亲属的关系显示，与分离焦虑症儿童和其他类型焦虑症儿童的亲属相比，过度焦虑儿童的一级亲属患恐慌症的几率更高。还有一种趋势是，惊恐障碍在患有惊恐障碍的儿童的亲属中比在没有惊慌的焦虑症儿童的亲属中更普遍。强迫症是唯一一种似乎在孩子和他们的亲属之间表现出类似特定关系的焦虑症。总体而言，这项研究的结果表明，儿童焦虑症的发病与家庭因素有关。这种关系的特殊性因个体焦虑症的不同而不同。
The first- and second-degree relatives of children with anxiety disorders were compared with relatives of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and children who had never been psychiatrically ill for lifetime rates of psychopathological conditions, particularly anxiety disorders. Results from blind, diagnostic interviews indicated an increased prevalence of anxiety disorders in the first-degree relatives of children with anxiety disorder compared with relatives of both children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and never psychiatrically ill children. Relationships between specific anxiety disorders in children and their relatives revealed an increased rate of panic disorder among the first-degree relatives of children with over-anxious disorder, compared with the relatives of children with separation anxiety disorder and children with other types of anxiety disorders. There also was a trend for panic disorder to be more prevalent among relatives of children with panic disorder than among relatives of children with anxiety disorder without panic. Obsessive-compulsive disorder was the only other anxiety disorder that appeared to show a similar specific relationship between children and their relatives. In general, the findings from this study suggest that there is a familial component involved in the pathogenesis of childhood anxiety disorders. The specificity of this relationship varies among individual anxiety disorders.