The biological clock tunes the organs of the body: timing by hormones and the autonomic nervous system
The biological clock tunes the organs of the body: timing by hormones and the autonomic nervous system
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DOI：
10.1677/joe.0.1770017
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Kalsbeek, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buijs, RM;van Eden, CG;Kalsbeek, A
生物钟，视交叉上核（SCN），对我们的日常健康至关重要。它通过预期心率、葡萄糖和皮质醇的上升为我们即将到来的活动期做好准备。与此同时，“黑暗激素”，褪黑激素，减少。因此，时间信息渗透到所有组织中，有趣的是，不仅通过激素，而且通过SCN对身体器官的直接神经元影响。SCN和室旁核（PVN）之间的轴对于神经内分泌和自主神经系统与一天中的时间的组织/同步至关重要。这个SCN-神经内分泌PVN轴负责及时的激素分泌。同时，SCN-自主PVN轴通过自主神经系统微调器官以接收这些激素。最后，人类SCN的投射组织与啮齿类动物大脑中的投射组织相似，这表明神经内分泌自主相互作用的这些基本原理在人类中也可能是正确的。迄今为止在人类中收集的生理数据似乎支持这一假设，而患有抑郁症或高血压的人的SCN的病理变化表明SCN在这些疾病的病因学中的作用。
The biological clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), is essential for our daily well-being. it prepares us for the upcoming period of activity by an anticipatory rise in heart rate, glucose and cortisol. At the same time the 'hormone of the darkness', melatonin, decreases. Thus, the time-of-day message penetrates into all tissues, interestingly not only by means of hormones but also by a direct neuronal influence of the SCN on the organs of the body. The axis between the SCN and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is crucial for the organization/synchronization of the neuroendocrine and autonomic nervous system with the time of day. This SCN-neuroendocrine PVN axis takes care of a timely hormonal secretion. At the same time, the SCN-autonomic PVN axis fine-tunes the organs by means of the autonomic nervous system for the reception of these hormones. Finally, the similar organization of the projections of the human SCN as compared with that in the rodent brain suggests that these basic principles of neuroendocrine autonomic interaction may also be true in the human. The physiological data collected in humans thus far seem to support this hypothesis, while pathological changes in the SCN of humans suffering from depression or hypertension indicate a role for the SCN in the etiology of these diseases.