Field testing of equilibrium passive samplers to determine freely dissolved native polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations
Field testing of equilibrium passive samplers to determine freely dissolved native polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations
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DOI：
10.1897/07-253.1
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Breedveld, Gijs D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cornelissen, Gerard;Pettersen, Arne;Breedveld, Gijs D.
平衡被动采样器是有前途的工具，以确定自由溶解的水浓度（C-W，无C）的疏水有机化合物。然而，在实地使用这些技术仍然是一个挑战。在对挪威奥斯陆港天然多环芳烃（PAHs）的研究中，（POM;厚度，55 μ m [POM-55]和500 μ m [POM-500]）和聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS;厚度200 μ m），用于在实验室中测定沉积物孔隙水中的C-W、无C（C-PW，C-free），并在野外条件下对5种被动采样器测定上覆地表水中C-W，C-free的适用性进行了试验。对于C-PW的实验室测定，无C，POM-55和PDMS都被证明是合适的。在现场，POM-55和PDMS（厚度，28 μ m）涂层上的固相微萃取纤维，PDMS管作为一个很好的替代品，观察到最短的平衡时间（约一个月）。低密度聚乙烯（厚度，100 μ m）和POM-500在119天内没有达到平衡的领域。获得了现实的值溶解有机碳-水分配系数在现场（约一个日志单位下的日志K-OW），这加强了平衡建立在现场暴露的被动采样器的结论。在所有四个站，孔隙水和上覆水之间的化学活性比大于一个所有的多环芳烃，表明沉积物是一个多环芳烃扩散源和沉积物修复可能是一个适当的治疗多环芳烃污染在奥斯陆港。
Equilibrium passive samplers are promising tools to determine freely dissolved aqueous concentrations (C-W,C-free) of hydrophobic organic compounds. Their use in the field, however, remains a challenge. In the present study on native polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Oslo Harbor, Norway, two different passive sampler materials, polyoxymethylene (POM; thickness, 55 mu m [POM-55] and 500 mu m [POM-500]) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS; thickness, 200 mu m), were used to determine in the laboratory C-W,C-free in sediment pore water (C-PW,C-free), and the suitability of five passive samplers for determination of C-W,C-free in overlying surface water was tested under field conditions. For laboratory determinations of C-PW,C-free, both POM-55 and PDMS turned out to be suitable. In the field, the shortest equilibrium times (approximately one month) were observed for POM-55 and PDMS (thickness, 28 mu m) coatings on solid-phase microextraction fibers, with PDMS tubing as a good alternative. Low-density polyethylene (thickness, 100 mu m) and POM-500 did not reach equilibrium within 119 d in the field. Realistic values were obtained for dissolved organic carbon-water partition coefficients in the field (approximately one log unit under log K-OW), which strengthened the conclusion that equilibrium was established in field-exposed passive samplers. At all four stations, chemical activity ratios between pore water and overlying water were greater than one for all PAHs, indicating that the sediment was a PAH diffusion source and that sediment remediation may be an appropriate treatment for PAH contamination in Oslo Harbor.