Molecular and clinical epidemiology of norovirus outbreaks in Spain during the emergence of GII.4 2012 variant
Molecular and clinical epidemiology of norovirus outbreaks in Spain during the emergence of GII.4 2012 variant
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jcv.2014.03.013
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Guix, Susana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sabria, Aurora;Pinto, Rosa M.;Guix, Susana
背景资料：诺如病毒（NoV）是全球急性非细菌性胃肠炎爆发的最常见原因，但西班牙的NoV感染的影响仍然被低估。目的：本研究旨在确定在西班牙东北部引起急性胃肠炎暴发的NoV的流行率和遗传多样性（加泰罗尼亚），并比较最流行的GII.4 2012变种与其前身的临床特征和病毒脱落水平。研究设计：在来自胃肠炎爆发的粪便中筛选NoV并进行基因分型。在一个区域，覆盖50%的VP1的遗传多样性，和属于GII.4 2009年和2012年variants.Results的粪便中的病毒载量进行了分析：超过50%的爆发是由基因型GII.4引起的，虽然由多个菌株引起的爆发，GII.6和GII.1也很流行。2012年期间，GII.4 2012菌株明显取代了GII.4 2009菌株。2011年2月检测到第一个2012年菌株，代表了全球报告的最早分离株。2012年GII.4和2009年GII.4疫情的流行病学特征以及粪便中的病毒脱落水平相当。最后，衣壳基因的分析表明，在GII.4 2012年更高的氨基酸变异性和多样化，影响位于P2结构域的网站，但也在壳domain.Conclusions：不同的基因型引起的疫情在西班牙流通，包括GII.4 2012年和GII.4 2009年菌株引起的疫情的临床特征，是可比的。尽管脱落水平与GII.4 2009菌株相似，但GII.4 2012菌株已明显取代了先前的主要菌株。(c)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Background: Norovirus (NoV) is the most common cause of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, but the impact of NoV infections in Spain remains underestimated.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of NoVs causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Northeastern Spain (Catalonia) during 2010-2012, and to compare clinical features and levels of viral shedding of the most prevalent GII.4 2012 variant with its predecessor.Study design: NoVs were screened and genotyped in stools from gastroenteritis outbreaks. Genetic diversity over a region covering 50% of VP1, and viral loads were analyzed in stools belonging to GII.4 2009 and 2012 variants.Results: More than 50% of outbreaks were caused by genotype GII.4, although outbreaks caused by multiple strains, GII.6 and GII.1 were also prevalent. During 2012, GII.4 2012 strains clearly replaced GII.4 2009 strains. The first 2012 strain was detected in February 2011, representing the earliest isolate reported worldwide. Epidemiological features of GII.4 2012 and GII.4 2009 outbreaks were comparable, as well as levels of viral shedding in stools. Finally, analysis of the capsid gene showed a higher amino acid variability and diversification in GII.4 2012, affecting sites located at the P2 domain, but also in the shell domain.Conclusions: Clinical features of outbreaks caused by different genotypes circulating in Spain, including outbreaks caused by GII.4 2012 and GII.4 2009 strains, were comparable. Although shed at similar levels than GII.4 2009 strains, GII.4 2012 strains have clearly replaced the previous predominant strain. (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.