How Healthy Older Adults Enact Lateral Maneuvers While Walking.
How Healthy Older Adults Enact Lateral Maneuvers While Walking.
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健康的老年人如何在行走时进行横向动作。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.02.24.529927
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dingwell,JonathanB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Desmet,DavidM;Kazanski,MeghanE;Cusumano,JosephP;Dingwell,JonathanB
背景步行需要频繁的机动来导航不断变化的环境和不断变化的目标。人类主要通过调整他们的脚的位置来完成动作并同时保持平衡，但是已经提出了这两个目标之间的直接权衡。由于老年人可能更依赖于脚的位置，以保持横向平衡，他们可能不太能够充分适应步进执行lateral maneuvers.Research QuestionHow老年人适应步进制定横向变道演习，以及如何做身体和感知能力影响他们的任务表现？方法20名青年（21.7 ± 2.6岁）和18名老年人（71.6 ± 6.0岁）在虚拟环境中进行电动跑步机行走。根据听觉和视觉提示，参与者在两条平行的路径之间切换，中心相距0.6米，继续走在他们的新路径上。我们量化了参与者在提示后开始动作的时间，以及他们的步长，横向位置和每个动作步骤的步进可变性椭圆。但感知能力较低的参与者需要更长的时间来完成。年轻人和老年人在任何机动步骤的步宽或横向位置上也没有表现出差异，但身体能力更强的参与者更快地到达新的路径。虽然只有老年人表现出步进适应启动机动之前，这两组权衡稳定性的机动性，制定横向maneuver.SignificancePhysical和感知平衡能力，而不是年龄本身，差异影响机动任务的性能。人类必须根据身体和感知因素做出与行走任务相关的决定。了解和针对这些相互作用可能有助于改善老年人的步行表现。
BackgroundWalking requires frequent maneuvers to navigate changing environments with shifting goals. Humans accomplish maneuvers and simultaneously maintain balance primarily by modulating their foot placement, but a direct trade-off between these two objectives has been proposed. As older adults may rely more on foot placement to maintain lateral balance, they may be less able to adequately adapt stepping to perform lateral maneuvers.Research questionHow do older adults adapt stepping to enact lateral lane-change maneuvers, and how do physical and perceived ability influence their task performance?MethodsTwenty young (21.7 ± 2.6 yrs) and 18 older (71.6 ± 6.0 yrs) adults walked on a motorized treadmill in a virtual environment. Following an audible and visual cue, participants switched between two parallel paths, centered 0.6 m apart, to continue walking on their new path. We quantified when participants initiated the maneuver following the cue, as well as their step width, lateral position, and stepping variability ellipses at each maneuver step.ResultsYoung and older adults did not differ in when they initiated the maneuver, but participants with lower perceived ability took longer to do so. Young and older adults also did not exhibit differences in step width or lateral positions at any maneuver step, but participants with greater physical ability reached their new path faster. While only older adults exhibited stepping adaptations prior to initiating the maneuver, both groups traded off stability for maneuverability to enact the lateral maneuver.SignificancePhysical and perceived balance ability, rather than age per se, differentially influenced maneuver task performance. Humans must make decisions related to the task of walking itself and do so based on both physical and perceived factors. Understanding and targeting these interactions may help improve walking performance among older adults.