Developmental regulation of locomotive activity in Xenopus primordial germ cells.
Developmental regulation of locomotive activity in Xenopus primordial germ cells.
复制标题
非洲爪蟾原始生殖细胞运动活动的发育调节。
DOI：
10.1111/dgd.12018
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Mochii M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Terayama K;Kataoka K;Morichika K;Orii H;Watanabe K;Mochii M
原始生殖细胞(PGC)在早期胚胎中产生，并通过物种特有的途径向未来的性腺迁移。人们认为它们的迁移特性取决于它们自己的遗传程序和/或环境线索，尽管关于PGC运动性的发育变化的信息有限。首先，我们用Xenopus Daz样蛋白的抗体重新检测了不同发育阶段爪哇胚胎内胚内胚区PGCs的分布，发现了四个迁移阶段，即聚集、分散、定向迁移和重新聚集。接下来，我们在每个阶段分离活的PGC，并在细胞培养中直接检测它们的形态和运动活性。聚集期的原生殖细胞呈圆形，气泡较小，运动性差。分散阶段和定向迁移阶段的PGC在细长形态的运动相和粗糙形态的停顿相之间交替。细长的PGC的运动活动伴随着在前锋持续形成的一个大气泡。随着疏散阶段向定向迁移阶段的过渡，运动阶段的持续时间逐渐缩短。在再聚集阶段，原生殖细胞呈圆形，不再活动。因此，我们直接证明了PGCs的运动活动随迁徙阶段的不同而动态变化。我们还发现，PGCs的移动和起泡需要F-肌动蛋白、肌球蛋白II活性和RhoA/Rho相关蛋白激酶(ROCK)信号。
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) arise in the early embryo and migrate toward the future gonad through species‐specific pathways. They are assumed to change their migration properties dependent on their own genetic program and/or environmental cues, though information concerning the developmental change in PGC motility is limited. First, we re‐examined the distribution of PGCs in the endodermal region ofXenopusembryos at various stages by using an antibody againstXenopusDaz‐like protein, and found four stages of migration, namely clustering, dispersing, directionally migrating and re‐aggregating. Next, we isolated living PGCs at each stage and directly examined their morphology and locomotive activity in cell cultures. PGCs at the clustering stage were round in shape with small blebs and showed little motility. PGCs in both the dispersing and the directionally migrating stages alternated between the locomotive phase with an elongated morphology and the pausing phase with a rugged morphology. The locomotive activity of the elongated PGCs was accompanied by the persistent formation of a large bleb at the leading front. The duration of the locomotive phase was shortened gradually with the transition from the dispersing stage to the directionally migrating stage. At the re‐aggregating stage, PGCs became round in shape and showed no motility. Thus, we directly showed that the locomotive activity of PGCs changes dynamically depending upon the migrating stage. We also showed that the locomotion and blebbing of the PGCs required F‐actin, myosin II activity and RhoA/Rho‐associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling.