Variation in the proportion of flower visitors of Arum maculatum along its distributional range in relation with community-based climatic niche analyses
Variation in the proportion of flower visitors of Arum maculatum along its distributional range in relation with community-based climatic niche analyses
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18937.x
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Alvarez, Nadir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Espindola, Anahi;Pellissier, Loic;Alvarez, Nadir
在这里，我们调查的地理恒定性的特异性水平的专门的诱惑和陷阱授粉拮抗作用，涉及广泛的欧洲Arum maculatum及其相关的Psychodid传粉者。到目前为止，研究一致表明，一个单一的昆虫物种，Psychoda phalaenoides，有效地异花授粉植物;研究，但是，在西欧当地进行。在本研究中，我们第一次描述了花游客的组成在A的分布范围的规模。通过在欧洲大陆集中收集植物和昆虫，进一步将当地气候特征与访花节肢动物群落组成进行了关联分析，结果表明，蝴蝶兰的雌花一般都有访花行为，但在整个分布范围内并没有出现访花现象。在某些地区，这种蝇种不太常见，甚至不存在，另一种物种，Psycha grisescens，成为主要的访客。这种变化是地理结构，可以解释为气候因素：P. grisescens的比例增加，较高的年降水量和较低的降水量在最温暖的三个月，两个典型的地中海地区的特点。因此，气候似乎驱动这种相互作用的特异性，通过潜在地影响一个或两个相互作用物种的物候，甚至影响植物中的挥发物和热量的产生。因此，这一结果挑战了覆盖广泛分布范围的其他假定的一对一相互作用的特异性，并提供了一个非生物环境对植物-昆虫相互作用命运的直接影响的例子。
Here, we investigate the geographical constancy in the specificity level of the specialized lure-and-trap pollination antagonism involving the widespread European Arum maculatum and its associated Psychodid pollinators. Until now, studies concurred in demonstrating that one single insect species, Psychoda phalaenoides, efficiently cross-pollinated plants; researches were, however, performed locally in western Europe. In this study we characterize for the first time the flower visitors' composition at the scale of the distribution range of A. maculatum by intensively collecting plants and insects throughout the European continent. We further correlate local climatic characteristics with the community composition of visiting arthropods.Our results show that flowers are generally visited by P. phalaenoides females, but not over the whole distribution range of the plant. In some regions this fly species is less frequent or even absent and another species, Psycha grisescens, becomes the prevailing visitor. This variability is geographically structured and can be explained by climatic factors: the proportion of P. grisescens increases with higher annual precipitations and lower precipitations in the warmest trimester, two characteristics typical of the Mediterranean zone. Climate thus seems driving the specificity of this interaction, by potentially affecting the phenology of one or both interacting species, or even of volatile and heat production in the plant. This result therefore challenges the specificity of other presumably one-to-one interactions covering wide distribution ranges, and provides an example of the direct effect that the abiotic environment can have on the fate of plant-insect interactions.