Soil Saprobic Fungi Differ in Their Response to Gradually and Abruptly Delivered Copper
Soil Saprobic Fungi Differ in Their Response to Gradually and Abruptly Delivered Copper
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2020.01195
复制
发表时间：
2020-06-17
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Rillig, Matthias C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golubeva, Polina;Ryo, Masahiro;Rillig, Matthias C.
绝大多数考察环境变化的研究都是突如其来的治疗方法，尽管事实上，许多重要的变化都是渐进的。环境压力逐渐增加的一个例子是重金属污染。必需的重金属，如铜，在活体细胞中扮演着重要的角色，但在较高浓度下是有毒的。在我们的研究中，我们重点研究了铜污染对丝状土壤真菌的影响，丝状土壤真菌是陆地生态系统功能的关键角色。我们假设，与突然暴露在最高铜浓度下的真菌相比，暴露在逐渐增加的铜浓度下的真菌有更高的生理驯化机会，并将保持生物量的生产和积累更少的铜。为了验证这一假设，我们对17个真菌分离株进行了一项实验，这些菌株暴露在逐渐和突然的铜添加中。与我们的假设相反，我们发现了不同的特殊反应，即对于许多真菌来说，逐渐增加铜浓度比突然增加铜浓度有更严重的影响(更强的生长抑制和更高的铜积累)。虽然一些环境变化研究已经积累了基于变化幅度的证据，但我们的研究结果表明，变化的速度可能是未来生态学、环境科学和环境管理研究中需要考虑的一个重要因素。
The overwhelming majority of studies examining environmental change deliver treatments abruptly, although, in fact, many important changes are gradual. One example of a gradually increasing environmental stressor is heavy metal contamination. Essential heavy metals, such as copper, play an important role within cells of living organisms but are toxic at higher concentrations. In our study, we focus on the effects of copper pollution on filamentous soil fungi, key players in terrestrial ecosystem functioning. We hypothesize that fungi exposed to gradually increasing copper concentrations have higher chances for physiological acclimation and will maintain biomass production and accumulate less copper, compared to fungi abruptly exposed to the highest copper concentration. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an experiment with 17 fungal isolates exposed to gradual and abrupt copper addition. Contrary to our hypothesis, we find diverse idiosyncratic responses, such that for many fungi gradually increasing copper concentrations have more severe effects (stronger growth inhibition and higher copper accumulation) than an abrupt increase. While a number of environmental change studies have accumulated evidence based on the magnitude of changes, the results of our study imply that the rate of change can be an important factor to consider in future studies in ecology, environmental science, and environmental management.