Behavioural polymorphism in one of the world’s largest populations of loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta
Behavioural polymorphism in one of the world’s largest populations of loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta
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世界上最大的红海龟种群之一的行为多态性 Caretta caretta
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Godley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Rees;Salim Al Saady;A. Broderick;M. Coyne;Nancy Papathanasopoulou;B. Godley
为了帮助管理和保护广泛分布的海洋脊椎动物物种，有必要了解和理解它们的空间生态学。我们跟踪了10只来自阿曼苏丹国马西拉岛的成年雌性红海龟Caretta caretta，该岛拥有世界上最大的繁殖群之一。发射器是专门部署在筑巢季节的早期，使整个嵌套和嵌套后的栖息地跟踪。海龟在筑巢期间的行为表现出二分法，其中6只留在靠近马西拉岛的地方，其他的则在数百公里长的迂回海洋环路中活动。这种行为似乎与身体大小无关。追踪衍生的最小离合器频率平均（± SD）为4.8 ± 1.2窝（n = 8 ind.）。筑巢后的迁移揭示了索科特拉岛（也门）和也门/阿曼大陆之间的区域长期利用海洋栖息地的倾向，76 ± 15.4%的时间花在海洋栖息地（n = 8 ind.）。我们跟踪的海龟的空间足迹被发现远远小于在同一季节晚些时候被标记的类似数量的海龟（来自一项单独的未发表的研究）和鳍状肢标签的长距离返回。种群在空间和时间上的亚结构突出表明，需要更全面的跟踪项目，在多年的繁殖季节部署，以获得广泛分散的海洋脊椎动物的高使用觅食栖息地的可靠估计。行为模式的变化表明需要采取各种保护措施。
To aid management and conservation of widely distributed marine vertebrate species, it is necessary to have a knowledge and understanding of their spatial ecology. We tracked 10 adult female loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta from Masirah Island, Sultanate of Oman, which hosts one of the world's largest breeding aggregations. Transmitters were specifically deployed early in the nesting season to enable tracking throughout the internesting and post-nesting habitats. Turtles dis- played a dichotomy in behaviour during the internesting period, with 6 remaining close to Masirah Island and the others undertaking circuitous oceanic loops, hundreds of kilometres in length. This behaviour did not appear to be related to body size. Tracking-derived minimum clutch frequency was on average (± SD) 4.8 ± 1.2 nests (n = 8 ind.). Post-nesting migrations revealed a propensity towards long-term utilisation of oceanic habitats in the region between Socotra Island (Yemen) and the mainland of Yemen/Oman, with 76 ± 15.4% of time spent in oceanic habitat (n = 8 ind.). The spatial footprint of our tracked turtles was found to be far less than that of a similar number of turtles that were tagged later in the same season (from a separate unpublished study) and from long-distance returns of flipper tags. The spatial and temporal sub-structuring of the population highlights the need for more comprehensive tracking projects, with deployments across the breeding season in multiple years, in order to obtain reliable estimations of high-use foraging habitats of widely dispersed marine vertebrates. Variation in behaviour patterns suggests the need for diverse conservation measures.