Overcoming perceptual features in logical reasoning: An event-related potentials study
Overcoming perceptual features in logical reasoning: An event-related potentials study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.04.017
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Noveck, Ira A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prado, Jerome;Kaliuzhna, Maria;Noveck, Ira A.
对于推理者来说，检测字母-数字对H7验证条件规则如果不存在T则不存在4比检测其验证规则如果存在H则存在7更困难。克服逻辑推理中的知觉特征：一项参数功能磁共振成像研究。《认知神经科学杂志》19(4)。642-657]，我们认为这一困难是由于不匹配效应造成的，即当规则中提到的项目(例如T和4)与测试对(H和7)中的项目不匹配时出现的知觉不匹配。本研究的目的是通过记录事件相关电位来直接检验这一说法，同时参与者在存在或不存在错配的情况下评估条件规则。我们发现，不匹配不仅触发额叶-中央N2(已知与知觉不匹配有关的事件相关电位)，而且它们参数地调制其幅度(例如，两个不匹配促使N2值大于一)。我们的结果表明，否定在条件规则中的主要作用是将注意力集中在被否定的成分上，但也表明参与者理解否定的方式存在个体间的差异，如N_2幅度与参与者的反应时之间的相关性。总体而言，这些发现强调了克服知觉特征如何在错配效应中发挥作用，并将氮的错配相关效应扩展到一项推理任务中。(C)2008爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
It is more difficult for reasoners to detect that the letter-number pair H7 verifies the conditional rule If there is not a T then there is not a 4 than to detect that it verifies the rule if there is an H then there is a 7. In prior work [Prado, J., & Noveck, I. A. (2007). Overcoming perceptual features in logical reasoning: a parametric functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 19(4). 642-657], we argued that this difficulty was due to mismatching effects, i.e. perceptual mismatches that arise when the items mentioned in the rule (e.g. T and 4) mismatch those presented in the test-pair (H and 7). The present study aimed to test this claim directly by recording ERPs while participants evaluated conditional rules in the presence or absence of mismatches. We found that mismatches, not only trigger a frontocentral N2 (an ERP known to be related to perceptual mismatch) but that they, parametrically modulate its amplitude (e.g. two mismatches prompt a greater N2 than one). Our results indicate that the main role of negations in conditional rules is to focus attention on the negated constituent but also suggest that there is some inter-individual differences in the way participants apprehend such negations, as indicated by a correlation between N2 amplitude and participants' reaction times. Overall, these findings emphasize how overcoming perceptual features plays a role in the mismatching effect and extend the mismatch-related effects of the N2 into a reasoning task. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.