Food composition is fundamental to the cross-cutting initiative on biodiversity for food and nutrition
Food composition is fundamental to the cross-cutting initiative on biodiversity for food and nutrition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jfca.2009.05.003
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Mouille, Beatrice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burlingame, Barbara;Charrondiere, Ruth;Mouille, Beatrice
食物成分数据在遗传资源水平（即物种以下的分类水平）的有用性日益得到认可。最近的研究提供的数据证实了一些鲜为人知的品种和野生品种的微量营养素优于其他更广泛使用的品种。甘薯品种的类胡萝卜素含量差异达两个数量级或更多：水稻品种的蛋白质含量为 5% 至 13%；水稻品种的蛋白质含量为 5% 至 13%；香蕉的维生素原-A 类胡萝卜素含量对于某些品种可能低于 1 微克/100 克，而对于其他品种则高达 8500 微克/100 克。摄入一种品种而不是另一种品种可能是微量营养素缺乏和微量营养素充足之间的区别。这些数据对于卫生、农业、贸易和环境部门非常重要。 《生物多样性公约》（CBD）和粮食和农业遗传资源委员会现已认识到营养的重要性。应《生物多样性公约》的要求，FAD 正在与国际生物多样性组织合作，领导“食品和营养生物多样性跨领域倡议”，开发或改进成分数据库将成为该倡议的重要组成部分。一旦数据准备好并汇编，它们几乎可以用于营养的每个领域：营养教育、社区营养、营养干预、粮食紧急情况、营养标签、食品消费调查等等。这些数据应“主流化”到国家和区域食品成分数据库中，承认栽培品种、变种和品种本身作为食品的重要性。 (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
The usefulness of food composition data at the level of the genetic resource (i.e. taxonomic level below species) is becoming increasingly acknowledged. Recent research has provided data to confirm the micronutrient Superiority of some lesser-known cultivars and wild varieties over other, more extensively utilized cultivars. Sweet potato cultivars have been shown to differ in their carotenoid content by two orders of magnitude or more: protein content of rice varieties can range from 5 to 13%; provitamin-A carotenoid content of bananas can be less than 1 mcg/100 g for some cultivars to as high as 8500 mcg/100 g for other cultivars. Intake of one variety rather than another can be the difference between micronutrient deficiency and micronutrient adequacy. These data are important for the sectors of health, agriculture, trade and the environment. The importance of nutrition is now recognized by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. At the request of the CBD, FAD is leading the "Cross-cutting initiative on biodiversity for food and nutrition," in collaboration with Bioversity International, and developing or improving compositional databases will form a significant part of the initiative. Once the data are prepared and compiled, they can be used in practically every domain of nutrition: nutrition education, community nutrition, nutrition interventions, food emergencies, nutritional labelling, food consumption surveys, to name but a few. These data should be "mainstreamed" into national and regional food composition databases giving recognition and importance to cultivars, varieties and breeds as foods in their own right. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.