Medical treatment of pruritus
Medical treatment of pruritus
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瘙痒症的药物治疗
DOI：
10.1517/14728214.2012.711316
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
E. Weisshaar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ständer;E. Weisshaar
导言：慢性瘙痒的症状(持续6周)是全世界患者的负担。它被描述为最常见的皮肤主诉症状，并出现在各种疾病中。然而，很长一段时间以来，对瘙痒的研究一直被忽视，很可能是因为瘙痒过去被认为是疼痛的一个亚型。涵盖的领域：尽管在过去的几年里，对急性和慢性瘙痒的流行病学、临床和神经生物学的了解有了很大的扩大，但慢性瘙痒患者的治疗仍然具有挑战性。目前的指南建议使用抗组胺药、疼痛调节剂、阿片受体拮抗剂和抗抑郁药。使用这种方法，大量患者得到了缓解，但大多数情况下并没有完全解决。最近有关神经激肽受体1拮抗剂的经验表明，靶向特异性止痒药物在慢性瘙痒治疗中是高效和可取的。专家观点：止痒药物急需新的物质和类别。有希望的候选药物是神经激肽受体1拮抗剂、组胺4受体拮抗剂、神经生长因子受体或胃泌素释放肽受体拮抗剂。
Introduction: The symptom of chronic pruritus (> 6 weeks of duration) represents a worldwide burden in patients. It is described as the most frequent symptom of the skin complaints and occurs in a broad variety of diseases. However, research on pruritus has been disregarded for a long time, most likely because pruritus used to be considered as a subtype of pain. Areas covered: Although understanding of the epidemiology, clinic and neurobiology of acute and chronic pruritus has considerably expanded in the past years, the therapy of chronic pruritus patients remains challenging. The current guidelines suggest antihistamines, pain modulators, opioid receptor antagonist and antidepressants. Using this, a large number of patients experience relief but mostly no complete resolution. Recent experiences with neurokinin receptor 1 antagonists suggest that target-specific antipruritic drugs are of high efficacy and desirable in chronic pruritus treatments. Expert opinion: New substances and classes of antipruritic drugs are highly needed. Promising candidates are next to neurokinin receptor 1 antagonists, antagonists against the histamine 4 receptor, nerve growth factor receptor or gastrin-releasing peptide receptor.