Sex Determination by Two Y-Linked Genes in Garden Asparagus
Sex Determination by Two Y-Linked Genes in Garden Asparagus
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DOI：
10.1105/tpc.19.00859
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Leebens-Mack, Jim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Harkess, Alex;Huang, Kun;Leebens-Mack, Jim
花园芦笋中的 Y 染色体通过两个 Y 连锁基因决定性别，一个抑制雌性雌蕊发育，另一个促进雄性花药发育。性染色体的起源和早期进化被假设涉及对男性和女性功能具有拮抗作用的因素的联系。花园芦笋（Asparagus officinalis）是研究这一假设的理想物种，因为 X 和 Y 染色体在细胞学上是同态的，并且是从祖先常染色体对进化而来，与从雌雄同体到雌雄同体的转变有关。诱变筛选与单分子荧光原位杂交直接暗示分别抑制雌性（雌蕊）发育和雄性（花药）发育所必需的 Y 特异性基因。相邻 X 和 Y 染色体组装的比较表明，半合性是抑制女性器官发生（女性功能抑制）和促进男性功能（TAPETAL 发育和功能 1 [aspTDF1]）基因之间重组丢失的基础。我们还通过实验证明了aspTDF1的功能。这些发现提供了直接证据，表明性染色体可以通过两个性别决定基因的连锁发挥作用。
Y chromosome in garden asparagus determines sex via two Y-linked genes, one that suppresses female pistil development and another that promotes male anther development. The origin and early evolution of sex chromosomes have been hypothesized to involve the linkage of factors with antagonistic effects on male and female function. Garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) is an ideal species to investigate this hypothesis, as the X and Y chromosomes are cytologically homomorphic and evolved from an ancestral autosome pair in association with a shift from hermaphroditism to dioecy. Mutagenesis screens paired with single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization directly implicate Y-specific genes that respectively suppress female (pistil) development and are necessary for male (anther) development. Comparison of contiguous X and Y chromosome assemblies shows that hemizygosity underlies the loss of recombination between the genes suppressing female organogenesis (SUPPRESSOR OF FEMALE FUNCTION) and promoting male function (TAPETAL DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION1 [aspTDF1]). We also experimentally demonstrate the function of aspTDF1. These findings provide direct evidence that sex chromosomes can function through linkage of two sex determination genes.