ANOMALIES OF THE CORPUS-CALLOSUM - CORRELATION WITH FURTHER ANOMALIES OF THE BRAIN
ANOMALIES OF THE CORPUS-CALLOSUM - CORRELATION WITH FURTHER ANOMALIES OF THE BRAIN
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DOI：
10.2214/ajr.151.1.171
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发表时间：
1988-07-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
NORMAN, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BARKOVICH, AJ;NORMAN, D
回顾性分析了68例脑畸形患者的MRI表现，以评价胼胝体的特殊解剖异常。胼胝体异常32例（47%）。排除基亚里I畸形的患者，44例患者中有30例（68%）存在胼胝体异常。胼胝体发育不全最常见，其次是胼胝体萎缩或发育不全和完全发育不全。所有患者均存在前连合。根据已知的脑和胼胝体胚胎发生的时间顺序，我们推断了以下发育异常的发病机制：（1）胼胝体发育不全是在其前体形成过程中，而不是在胼胝体本身形成过程中由于损伤而发生的;（2）Dandy-Walker畸形有时是由于妊娠8周内的损伤而发生的，比一般公认的晚几周;（3）蝶骨脑膨出可能是神经外胚层和皮肤外胚层在前神经孔处错误分离的结果;（4）完整但萎缩的胼胝体是由于胼胝体形成完成后（18-20周）对皮质或白色物质的损伤。胼胝体异常，很容易识别的MR，是一个重要的指标，额外的大脑异常。胼胝体的分析提供了重要的信息胚胎发育的脑异常，并可能有助于区分在子宫内和围产期脑损伤。
The MR imaging studies of 68 patients who had brain anomalies were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate specific anatomic abnormalities of the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum was abnormal in 32 (47%) of the 68 patients. Excluding patients with the Chiari I malformation, callosal anomalies were present in 30 (68%) of 44 patients. Callosal dysgenesis was most common, followed by callosal atrophy or hypoplasia and complete agenesis. The anterior commissure was present in all patients. On the basis of the known temporal sequence of brain and callosal embryogenesis, we deducted the following regarding the pathogenesis of development anomalies: (1) callosal dysgenesis occurs as a result of insults during the formation of its precursors, not during formation of the corpus callosum itself; (2) the Dandy-Walker malformation sometimes occurs as a result of an insult in the eight week of gestation, several weeks later than has been generally accepted; (3) sphenoidal encephaloceles probably occur as a result of faulty disjunction of neuroectoderm and cutaneous ectoderm at the anterior neuropore; and (4) a complete but atrophic corpus callosum results from an insult to the cortex or white matter after formation of the corpus callosum is complete (18-20 weeks). Callosal anomalies, easily identified on MR, are an important indicator of additional brain anomalies. Analysis of the corpus callosum provides important information about the embryogensis of brain anomalies and may assist in distinguishing between in utero and perinatal brain insults.