Competition of phytoplankton under fluctuating light
Competition of phytoplankton under fluctuating light
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DOI：
10.1086/318628
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发表时间：
2001-02-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Klausmeier, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Litchman, E;Klausmeier, CA
光是浮游植物的重要资源，并且在很大的时间尺度上波动。为了了解光波动如何影响浮游植物群落结构和多样性，我们结合分析和数值技术研究了一组简单模型。当物种表现出竞争能力和快速达到承载能力的能力之间的拾取机会主义权衡时，光波动会影响群落结构。快速波动可以将竞争优势从拾穗者转变为机会主义者；缓慢的波动可以导致这种切换，也可以导致稳定的共存。沿着拾穗者与机会主义者的权衡而高度分化的物种之间的共存是最容易的。当考虑更现实的光波动（例如辐照度的每日和季节性变化以及光的空间梯度的存在）时，我们的结果在质量上保持不变。日长的季节性变化可能是驱动浮游植物季节性演替的因素之一，从短日长（春季和秋季）下占主导地位的机会主义物种到长日长（夏季）下占主导地位的拾穗物种。这些结果说明了资源波动如何在构建生态群落中发挥重要作用。
Light is an essential resource for phytoplankton and fluctuates on a wide range of timescales. To understand how light fluctuations affect phytoplankton community structure and diversity, we have studied a set of simple models using a combination of analytical and numerical techniques. Light fluctuations can affect community structure when species exhibit the gleaner-opportunist trade-off between competitive ability and ability to reach carrying capacity quickly. Fast fluctuations can switch the competitive dominant from a gleaner to an opportunist; slow fluctuations can cause this switch and also lead to stable coexistence. Coexistence is easiest between species that are highly differentiated along the gleaner-opportunist trade-off. Our results remain qualitatively unchanged when more realistic light fluctuations such as daily and seasonal changes in irradiance and the presence of a spatial gradient in light are considered. Seasonal change in day length may be one of the factors driving the seasonal succession of phytoplankton, from opportunist species dominant under shorter day lengths (spring and autumn) to gleaner species dominant under longer day length (summer). These results illustrate how resource fluctuations can have an important role in structuring ecological communities.