Justifying attitudes toward animal use: A qualitative study of people's views and beliefs
Justifying attitudes toward animal use: A qualitative study of people's views and beliefs
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DOI：
10.2752/089279308x274047
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Barnett, Louise
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knight, Sarah;Barnett, Louise
“动物利用”是一个有争议的话题，指的是人类利用非人类动物的行为。这些做法经常引起对立双方强烈的情绪反应，个人可能对动物的不同使用方式持有不一致的观点。然而，该领域之前的研究倾向于将人们对动物使用的态度描述为单维的（而不是区分不同类型的使用），并且该领域一直被定量方法所主导，这些方法关注参与者的特征，如性别、年龄等，以解释人们对这一主题的不同看法。本研究假设态度不是单维的，并运用扎根理论方法来确定人们对动物使用问题的看法背后的心理因素。八个参与者主导的访谈探讨了人们在合理化他们对动物使用的态度时所考虑的因素，并分析了访谈记录，目的是了解为什么态度会因所讨论的动物使用类型而有所不同。确定了三个关键主题，分别是“使用动物的类型”、“使用动物的目的”和“使用动物的知识”。这些代表了关于动物和动物使用的信念，并有助于解释为什么人们可以支持一些动物使用的做法，而反对另一些。我们的结论是，采用心理学的方法来进一步研究态度背后的信念，为未来的研究提供了一条前进的道路。
"Animal use" is a contentious topic that refers to practices t involving the utilization of non-human animals by human beings. These practices often evoke strong and emotional reactions from opposing parties, and individuals can hold incongruent views concerning different ways in which animals are used. Yet previous research in this area has tended to portray attitudes toward animal use as uni-dimensional (rather than distinguishing between different types of use), and the field has been dominated by quantitative approaches that focus on participant characteristics such as gender, age, and so on, in order to explain variance in people's views on this topic. The present study assumed that attitudes are not uni-dimensional and applied Grounded Theory Methodology in order to determine psychological factors that underlie people's views concerning animal use issues. Eight participant-led interviews explored the factors that people consider when rationalizing their attitudes toward the use of animals, and interview transcripts were analyzed with an aim to understanding why attitudes vary depending upon the type of animal use in question. Three key themes were identified, labelled as "type of animal used," "purpose of animal use," and "knowledge of animal use." These represent beliefs concerning animals and animal use, and help explain why people can support some animal use practices whilst opposing others. We conclude that taking a psychological approach in order to further examine the beliefs that underlie attitudes provides a way forward for future research.