Runoff on rooted trees
Runoff on rooted trees
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有根树木的径流
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
O. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. Jones
摘要我们介绍了一个理想的坡面降雨产生的坡面流模型。我们的主要动机是展示径流的汇合如何促进径流的总生成。我们发现，对于我们的模型，随着降雨率相对于土壤入渗率的增加，存在着明显的相变。对于低降雨量(亚临界情况)，只有坡底对地表径流有贡献，而对于高降雨量(超临界情况)，整个坡面都有贡献，总径流量急剧增加。我们确定了相变发生的临界点，并展示了它是如何依赖于聚合度的。当没有汇流时，临界点出现在降雨量等于平均入渗率时，但当允许汇流时，临界点出现在降雨量小于平均入渗率时，增加汇聚量会增加总预期径流量。
Abstract We introduce an idealised model for overland flow generated by rain falling on a hillslope. Our prime motivation is to show how the coalescence of runoff streams promotes the total generation of runoff. We show that, for our model, as the rate of rainfall increases in relation to the soil infiltration rate there is a distinct phase change. For low rainfall (the subcritical case) only the bottom of the hillslope contributes to the total overland runoff, while for high rainfall (the supercritical case) the whole slope contributes and the total runoff increases dramatically. We identify the critical point at which the phase change occurs, and show how it depends on the degree of coalescence. When there is no stream coalescence the critical point occurs when the rainfall rate equals the average infiltration rate, but when we allow coalescence the critical point occurs when the rainfall rate is less than the average infiltration rate, and increasing the amount of coalescence increases the total expected runoff.