Vivaldi: A decentralized network coordinate system
Vivaldi: A decentralized network coordinate system
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DOI：
10.1145/1030194.1015471
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发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Morris, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dabek, F;Cox, R;Morris, R
大规模的互联网应用程序可以从预测到其他主机的往返时间的能力中受益，而不必首先与它们联系。显式测量通常是没有吸引力的，因为测量的成本可能超过利用邻近信息的好处。Vivaldi是一种简单、轻量级的算法，它为主机分配合成坐标，使得两台主机的坐标之间的距离准确地预测主机之间的通信延迟。Vivaldi是完全分布式的，不需要固定的网络基础设施，也不需要特殊的主机。它也是高效的：一个新的主机可以在从其他几个主机收集延迟信息后为自己计算出良好的坐标。因为它几乎不需要交流，Vivaldi可以利用应用程序的通信模式，并扩展到大量的主机上。使用模拟网络对Vivaldi进行评估，该网络的长度基于1740台Internet主机的测量，结果表明，具有高度向量的二维Euclidean模型嵌入这些主机的误差很小（往返时间预测的中位数相对误差为11%）。
Large-scale Internet applications can benefit from an ability to predict round-trip times to other hosts without having to contact them first. Explicit measurements are often unattractive because the cost of measurement can outweigh the benefits of exploiting proximity information. Vivaldi is a simple, light-weight algorithm that assigns synthetic coordinates to hosts such that the distance between the coordinates of two hosts accurately predicts the communication latency between the hosts.Vivaldi is fully distributed, requiring no fixed network infrastructure and no distinguished hosts. It is also efficient: a new host can compute good coordinates for itself after collecting latency information from only a few other hosts. Because it requires little communication, Vivaldi can piggy-back on the communication patterns of the application using it and scale to a large number of hosts.An evaluation of Vivaldi using a simulated network whose latencies are based on measurements among 1740 Internet hosts shows that a 2-dimensional Euclidean model with height vectors embeds these hosts with low error (the median relative error in round-trip time prediction is 11 percent).