Atrial natriuretic peptides in pathophysiological diseases.
Atrial natriuretic peptides in pathophysiological diseases.
复制标题
心钠素在病理生理疾病中的作用。
DOI：
10.1016/s0008-6363(01)00256-5
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Vesely,DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vesely,DL
1.介绍内质网形成一个126 aa的激素原，它是各种心房肽的储存形式心房利钠肽（ANP）由组织内的一个激素家族组成[11-13]。外显子1也编码肽，这些肽被合成，然后储存为该激素原的前16个氨基酸[9-12]，这些不同的激素原（即126个氨基酸[aa]心房肽经过蛋白水解加工后的前体激素也是利钠肽（ANP），108个氨基酸脑利钠肽前16个氨基酸的一种肽激素命名为长效（BNP），和126个氨基酸的C-利钠肽前激素利钠肽（LANP）（图1）。外显子3编码（CNP）激素原[1]。本综述将集中于人的末端酪氨酸（即心房肽，特别是利钠素上的ANP前体的aa 126）和大鼠、小鼠、兔和牛中源自ANP前体的肽的3 aa（Try-Arg-Arg）[9-13]。外显子2编码其余的病理生理条件。有几个优秀的激素原（即，aa 17-125在人类）[9-13]。最近的生物化学和分子生物学综述在健康成人中，ANP激素原的利钠肽[2，3]及其生理学[4-6]合成的主要部位是心房肌细胞，但它也在其中合成，因此这些方面将不会在各种其他组织中详细综述[14]。在这126 aa目前审查。激素原是两种动物中具有降低血压、利钠、利尿和/或排钾（即钾排泄）特性的几种肽[15，16]和2。心血管人类中ANP的病理生理学[17，18]。这些肽激素，按疾病编号，其aa序列开始于ANP激素原的N-末端，由2.1的前30个aa组成。脑血管病-激素原分子生物学（即proANP 1-30;长效利钠肽），aa 31-67;（即proANP 31-67;血管扩张剂），aa 79-98（proANP 79-98;利钾肽）和aa了解其中的心房利钠肽99-126（ANP）（图1）。长的利钠作用可能与脑血管意外有关（即，作用钠尿肽和血管扩张剂具有不同的中风）[7，8]和其他心血管疾病状态，有必要简要回顾一下Na-K-ATP酶如何抑制肾脏的分子生物学，这是ANP的作用机制，ATP酶继发于它们增强各自心房利钠肽合成的能力。前列腺素E的合成[19，20]，ANP不
1. Introduction endoplasmic reticulum to form a prohormone of 126 aa, which is the storage form of the various atrial peptide Atrial natriuretic peptides (ANPs) consist of a family of hormones within tissues [11–13]. Exon 1 also encodes for peptides which are synthesized and then stored as three the first 16 amino acids of this prohormone [9–12] which different prohormones (ie, 126 amino acid [aa] atrial after proteolytic processing of the ANP prohormone is also natriuretic peptide (ANP), 108 aa brain natriuretic peptide the first 16 aa of a peptide hormone named long acting (BNP), and 126 aa C-natriuretic peptide prohormones natriuretic peptide (LANP)(Fig. 1). Exon 3 encodes for (CNP) prohormones)[1]. The present review will concen- the terminal tyrosine (ie, aa 126 of the ANP prohortrate on atrial peptides and especially on the natriuretic mone) in humans and 3 aa (Try-Arg-Arg) in rat, mouse, peptides originating from the ANP prohormone in rabbit, and cow [9–13]. Exon 2 encodes for the rest of the pathophysiological conditions. There are several excellent prohormone (ie, aa 17–125 in humans)[9–13]. recent reviews on the biochemistry and molecular biology In healthy adults, the ANP prohormone’s main site of of the natriuretic peptides [2, 3] and their physiology [4–6] synthesis is the atrial myocyte but it is also synthesized in so these aspects will not be reviewed in detail in the a variety of other tissues as well [14]. Within this 126 aa present review. prohormone are several peptides with blood pressure lowering, natriuretic, diuretic, and/or kaliuretic (ie, potassium excreting) properties in both animals [15, 16] and 2. Pathophysiology of ANPs in cardiovascular humans [17, 18]. These peptide hormones, numbered by diseases their aa sequences beginning at the N-terminal end of the ANP prohormone, consist of the first 30 aa of the 2.1. Cerebrovascular disease—molecular biology of prohormone (ie, proANP 1–30; long acting natriuretic natriuretic peptides peptide), aa 31–67;(ie, proANP 31–67; vessel dilator), aa 79–98 (proANP 79–98; kaliuretic peptide) and aa To understand which of the atrial natriuretic peptides 99–126 (ANP)(Fig. 1). The natriuretic effects of long may be associated with cerebrovascular accidents (ie, acting natriuretic peptide and vessel dilator have a different strokes)[7, 8] and other cardiovascular disease states, it is mechanism (s) of action from ANP in that they inhibit renal 1 1 necessary to briefly review the molecular biology of how Na-K-ATPase secondary to their ability to enhance the the respective atrial natriuretic peptides are synthesized. synthesis of prostaglandin E [19, 20] which ANP does not