Naturalization of ornamental plant species in public green spaces and private gardens
Naturalization of ornamental plant species in public green spaces and private gardens
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DOI：
10.1007/s10530-017-1594-y
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发表时间：
2017-12
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Katharina Mayer;Emily Haeuser;W. Dawson;F. Essl;H. Kreft;J. Pergl;P. Pyšek;Patrick Weigelt;M. Winter;B. Lenzner;M. Kleunen
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作者：
Katharina Mayer;Emily Haeuser;W. Dawson;F. Essl;H. Kreft;J. Pergl;P. Pyšek;Patrick Weigelt;M. Winter;B. Lenzner;M. Kleunen
观赏园艺是世界范围内外来植物引进最重要的途径，因此，外来植物的入侵传播往往始于城市地区。虽然大多数引进的观赏园林植物物种尚未在当地归化，但它们中的许多已经在世界其他地方显示出入侵潜力，并可能在气候变化时归化。我们调查了德国南部小城市Radolfzell的50个公共和61个私人花园的植物区系，以调查花园植物在当地的归化成功是否与它们当前的种植频率、气候适应性（通过气候生态位模型评估）和世界上某个地方已知的归化状态有关。我们鉴定了954种引进园林植物，其中48种在Radolfzell已经归化，120种在德国其他地区。Radolfzell地区目前归化的园林植物的气候适宜性概率均为≥0.75，在全球843个地区中归化的地区均≥13个。这些值明显高于尚未在当地归化的园林植物。然而，目前的种植频率与目前的归化成功率无关。利用确定的气候适宜性的本地归化阈值和全球归化频率，以及2050年和2070年的气候预测，我们确定了45种目前尚未在Radolfzell归化但未来可能会归化的园林植物物种。虽然我们的方法不能取代完整的风险评估，但它非常适合并适用于筛选或水平扫描型方法的一个要素。
Ornamental horticulture is the most important pathway for alien plant introductions worldwide, and consequently, invasive spread of introduced plants often begins in urban areas. Although most introduced ornamental garden-plant species are locally not naturalized yet, many of them have shown invasion potential elsewhere in the world, and might naturalize when climate changes. We inventoried the planted flora of 50 public and 61 private gardens in Radolfzell, a small city in southern Germany, to investigate whether local naturalization success of garden plants is associated with their current planting frequency, climatic suitability (as assessed with climatic niche modelling) and known naturalization status somewhere in the world. We identified 954 introduced garden-plant species, of which 48 are already naturalized in Radolfzell and 120 in other parts of Germany. All currently naturalized garden plants in Radolfzell have a climatic suitability probability of ≥ 0.75 and are naturalized in ≥ 13 out of 843 regions globally. These values are significantly higher than those of garden plants that have not become locally naturalized yet. Current planting frequencies, however, were not related to current naturalization success. Using the identified local naturalization thresholds of climatic suitability and global naturalization frequency, and climate projections for the years 2050 and 2070, we identified 45 garden-plant species that are currently not naturalized in Radolfzell but are likely to become so in the future. Although our approach cannot replace a full risk assessment, it is well-suited and applicable as one element of a screening or horizon scanning-type approach.