Assessing gender gaps in employment andearnings in Africa: The case of Eswatini
Assessing gender gaps in employment andearnings in Africa: The case of Eswatini
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评估非洲就业和收入方面的性别差距：斯威士兰案例
DOI：
10.1080/0376835x.2021.1913996
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Thierry Kangoye & NadegeDesiree Yameogo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zuzana Brixiova Schwidrowski;Susumu Imai;Thierry Kangoye & NadegeDesiree Yameogo
长期存在的性别差距困扰着许多非洲国家的劳动力市场。利用斯威士兰的前三次劳动力市场调查（2007年、2010年和2013年进行），本文首次提供了有关该国就业和收入性别差距的系统证据。我们发现，尽管全球金融危机对女性的负面影响小于男性，但女性的就业率和收入明显低于男性。自营职业中未经调整和无法解释的性别收入差距高于有薪就业。高等教育和城市位置是造成两性收入差距的主要原因，并降低了女性自营职业的高度倾向。我们的研究结果表明，支持女性高等教育和城乡流动的政策可以减少斯威士兰劳动力市场结果以及南部非洲其他中等收入国家持续存在的不平等。
Persistent gender gaps characterise labour markets in many African countries. Utilising Eswatini’s first three labour market surveys (conducted in 2007, 2010, and 2013), this paper provides first systematic evidence on the country’s gender gaps in employment and earnings. We find that women have notably lower employment rates and earnings than men, even though the global financial crisis had a less negative impact on women than it had on men. Both unadjusted and unexplained gender earnings gaps are higher in self-employment than in wage employment. Tertiary education and urban location account for a large part of the gender earnings gap and mitigate high female propensity to self-employment. Our findings suggest that policies supporting female higher education and rural-urban mobility could reduce persistent inequalities in Eswatini’s labour market outcomes as well as in other middle-income countries in southern Africa.