Co-silencing E1 and its homologs in an extremely late-maturing soybean cultivar confers super-early maturity and adaptation to high-latitude short-season regions
Co-silencing E1 and its homologs in an extremely late-maturing soybean cultivar confers super-early maturity and adaptation to high-latitude short-season regions
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DOI：
10.1016/s2095-3119(20)63391-3
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发表时间：
2022-01-04
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Han Tian-fu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu Li-feng;Gao Le;Han Tian-fu
大豆（Glycine max（L.）Merr.），典型的短日照植物对光周期敏感，限制了其栽培的地理范围。在光周期调控的开花途径中，大豆开花抑制因子E1在开花时间调控中起主导作用。两个E1同源物E1-like-a（E1 La）和E1-like-b（E1 Lb）与E1一起发挥重叠或冗余的作用。本研究利用RNA干扰（RNAi）技术对中国南方极晚花大豆地方品种自贡冬豆（ZGDD）的E1和E1 La/B基因进行了同时沉默。结果表明，与野生型（WT）相比，RNAi株系表现出更早的开花表型和明显的光周期不敏感性。在RNAi转基因植株中，成花抑制因子GmFT 4和成花启动子GmFT 2a/GmFT 5a的表达水平分别显著下调和上调。此外，RNAi品系的成熟组（MG）从WT ZGDD的MG VIII（极晚熟）降低到MG 000（超早熟），其甚至可以在位于北纬53.5度的中国最北端的村庄中生长。本研究证实了E1和E1 La/B对大豆开花时间具有负调控作用。本研究所获得的具有早花和早熟特性的RNAi株系，可作为选育适应高纬度短季大豆的宝贵材料和技术基础。
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), a typical short-day plant, is sensitive to photoperiod, which limits the geographical range for its cultivation. In the flowering pathway regulated by photoperiod, E1, a flowering inhibitor in soybean, plays the dominant role in flowering time regulation. Two E1 homologs, E1-like-a (E1La) and E1-like-b (E1Lb), play overlapping or redundant roles in conjunction with E1. In the present study, E1 and E1La/b were simultaneously silenced via RNA interference (RNAi) in Zigongdongdou (ZGDD), an extremely late-flowering soybean landrace from southern China. As a result, RNAi lines showed a much earlier-flowering phenotype and obvious photoperiod insensitivity compared with wild-type (WT) plants. In RNAi transgenic plants, the expression levels of flowering inhibitor GmFT4 and flowering promoters GmFT2a/GmFT5a were significantly down- and up-regulated, respectively. Further, the maturity group (MG) of the RNAi lines was reduced from WT ZGDD's MG VIII (extremely late-maturity) to MG 000 (super-early maturity), which can even grow in the northernmost village of China located at a latitude of 53.5 degrees N. Our study confirms that E1 and E1La/b can negatively regulate flowering time in soybean. The RNAi lines generated in this study, with early flowering and maturity traits, can serve as valuable materials and a technical foundation for breeding soybeans that are adapted to high-latitude short-season regions.