TGFbeta3 promotes transformation of chicken palate medial edge epithelium to mesenchyme in vitro.
TGFbeta3 promotes transformation of chicken palate medial edge epithelium to mesenchyme in vitro.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
D. Sun;C. Vanderburg;G. Odierna;E. Hay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Sun;C. Vanderburg;G. Odierna;E. Hay
上皮-间质转化在啮齿动物腭中线上皮缝消失，导致腭融合中起重要作用。本研究的目的是测试的潜力，自然腭裂鸡腭成为融合的生长因子的影响下，如TGF β 3，这是已知的促进上皮间质转化。在用羧基荧光素标记内侧缘上皮后，解剖有或无喙的腭架（E8-9）并在琼脂凝胶上培养。将TGF β 1、TGF β 2或TGF β 3加入化学成分确定的培养基中。培养24小时后，所有配对组中的中缘上皮形成粘附的中线接缝，无完整的喙。72小时后，TGF β 3组的接缝消失，由于上皮-间充质转化，腭变得融合，而对照组、TGF β 1和TGF β 2组的接缝主要保持上皮。上皮来源的间充质细胞通过共聚焦显微镜下的羧基荧光素荧光和电子显微镜下的膜结合羧基荧光素隔离体来鉴定。标记的成纤维细胞完全取代标记的上皮细胞的来源，在TGF β 3处理的腭没有喙。单腭不能进行转化，成对的腭架与完整的喙不坚持或进行转化，即使用TGF β 3治疗。因此，内侧边缘上皮的物理接触和中线缝的形成对于触发上皮-间充质转化是必要的。我们的结论是，有可能是没有根本性的差异，在爬行动物，鸟类和哺乳动物之间的中间边缘上皮细胞转化为间充质细胞的发育潜力。这种鸟与其他的鸟类不同之处在于，它已经发展出了一个喙和相关的颅面结构，这些结构似乎使腭突在体内保持分离。即使对照组中缘上皮，若紧密接触，也有部分转化为间充质。然而，需要外源性TGF β 3来实现鸡上颚的完全融合。
Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation plays an important role in the disappearance of the midline line epithelial seam in rodent palate, leading to confluence of the palate. The aim of this study was to test the potential of the naturally cleft chicken palate to become confluent under the influence of growth factors, such as TGFbeta3, which are known to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. After labeling medial edge epithelia with carboxyfluorescein, palatal shelves (E8-9) with or without beak were dissected and cultured on agar gels. TGFbeta1, TGFbeta2 or TGFbeta3 was added to the chemically defined medium. By 24 hours in culture, medial edge epithelia form adherent midline seams in all paired groups without intact beaks. After 72 hours, seams in the TGFbeta3 groups disappear and palates become confluent due to epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, while seams remain mainly epithelial in control, TGFbeta1 and TGFbeta2 groups. Epithelium-derived mesenchymal cells are identified by carboxyfluorescein fluorescence with confocal microscopy and by membrane-bound carboxyfluorescein isolation bodies with electron microscopy. Labeled fibroblasts completely replace the labeled epithelia of origin in TGFbeta3-treated palates without beaks. Single palates are unable to undergo transformation, and paired palatal shelves with intact beaks do not adhere or undergo transformation, even when treated with TGFbeta3. Thus, physical contact of medial edge epithelia and formation of the midline seam are necessary for epithelial-mesenchymal transformation to be triggered. We conclude that there may be no fundamental difference in developmental potential of the medial edge epithelium for transformation to mesenchyme among reptiles, birds and mammals. The bird differs from other amniotes in having developed a beak and associated craniofacial structures that seemingly keep palatal processes separated in vivo. Even control medial edge epithelia partly transform to mesenchyme if placed in close contact. However, exogenous TGFbeta3 is required to achieve complete confluence of the chicken palate.