Retinoid receptors in bone and their role in bone remodeling.
Retinoid receptors in bone and their role in bone remodeling.
复制标题
骨骼中的类视黄素受体及其在骨骼重塑中的作用。
DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2015.00031
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Lerner UH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henning P;Conaway HH;Lerner UH
维生素A（视黄醇）是人体必需的重要组成部分，由食物中的视黄酯和类胡萝卜素提供。众所周知，维生素A对视力很重要，但除了眼睛，维生素A在身体的许多其他器官中也是必需的，包括骨骼。维生素A被转化为一种活性化合物，全反式维甲酸（ATRA），这是负责其大部分生物作用。ATRA与称为视黄酸受体（RARα、RARβ、RARγ）的细胞内核受体结合。RAR和密切相关的类维生素A X受体（RXRα、RXRβ、RXRγ）形成异二聚体，与DNA结合并作为配体激活的转录因子发挥作用。多年来，人们已经知道维生素A过多症通过增加破骨细胞形成和减少皮质骨量而促进骨骼脆性。一些流行病学研究表明，增加维生素A的摄入和血清类维生素A水平的升高可能会降低骨密度，增加骨折率，但文献对此并不确定。本文综述了维生素A是如何被肠道吸收、代谢、储存在肝脏中并加工成ATRA的。全反式维甲酸对破骨细胞和成骨细胞的形成和活性的影响进行了概述，并总结了有关维生素A和骨的临床数据。
Vitamin A (retinol) is a necessary and important constituent of the body which is provided by food intake of retinyl esters and carotenoids. Vitamin A is known best for being important for vision, but in addition to the eye, vitamin A is necessary in numerous other organs in the body, including the skeleton. Vitamin A is converted to an active compound, all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), which is responsible for most of its biological actions. ATRA binds to intracellular nuclear receptors called retinoic acid receptors (RARα, RARβ, RARγ). RARs and closely related retinoid X receptors (RXRα, RXRβ, RXRγ) form heterodimers which bind to DNA and function as ligand-activated transcription factors. It has been known for many years that hypervitaminosis A promotes skeleton fragility by increasing osteoclast formation and decreasing cortical bone mass. Some epidemiological studies have suggested that increased intake of vitamin A and increased serum levels of retinoids may decrease bone mineral density and increase fracture rate, but the literature on this is not conclusive. The current review summarizes how vitamin A is taken up by the intestine, metabolized, stored in the liver, and processed to ATRA. ATRA’s effects on formation and activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts are outlined, and a summary of clinical data pertaining to vitamin A and bone is presented.
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影响因子：
5.5
作者：
FELL, HB;MELLANBY, E
通讯作者：
MELLANBY, E
影响因子：
4
作者：
Benderdour, Mohamed;Fahmi, Hassan;Shi, Qin
通讯作者：
Shi, Qin
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Berry DC;Noy N
通讯作者：
Noy N
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Cañón, E;Cosgaya, JM;Aranda, A
通讯作者：
Aranda, A
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Drummond, JC
通讯作者：
Drummond, JC