Redesigning photosynthesis to sustainably meet global food and bioenergy demand
Redesigning photosynthesis to sustainably meet global food and bioenergy demand
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1424031112
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发表时间：
2015-07-14
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Zhu, Xin Guang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ort, Donald R.;Merchant, Sabeeha S.;Zhu, Xin Guang
世界农作物生产力停滞不前，而人口增长、财富增加和生物燃料的要求对农业的需求越来越大。与此同时，对增加耕地的需求与同样重要的全球可持续性和环境保护需求相竞争。解决这一迫在眉睫的农业危机将是未来几十年我们面临的最大科学挑战之一，成功将需要在许多层面上进行重大改进。我们断言，如果要应对这一重大挑战，提高作物光合作用的效率和生产力将是必不可少的。在这里，我们探索了一系列不同规模的植物系统的前瞻性重新设计，所有这些都旨在通过提高光合效率和性能来增加作物产量。前景范围从简单的改变，已经得到初步可行性证据的支持，到目前只是概念性的实质性重新设计，但可能会通过合成生物学的新发展实现。虽然一些拟议的重新设计肯定会遇到需要替代路线的障碍，但这些努力应导致新的发现和技术进步，对作物生产力和生物能源生产的全球问题产生重要影响。
The world's crop productivity is stagnating whereas population growth, rising affluence, and mandates for biofuels put increasing demands on agriculture. Meanwhile, demand for increasing cropland competes with equally crucial global sustainability and environmental protection needs. Addressing this looming agricultural crisis will be one of our greatest scientific challenges in the coming decades, and success will require substantial improvements at many levels. We assert that increasing the efficiency and productivity of photosynthesis in crop plants will be essential if this grand challenge is to be met. Here, we explore an array of prospective redesigns of plant systems at various scales, all aimed at increasing crop yields through improved photosynthetic efficiency and performance. Prospects range from straightforward alterations, already supported by preliminary evidence of feasibility, to substantial redesigns that are currently only conceptual, but that may be enabled by new developments in synthetic biology. Although some proposed redesigns are certain to face obstacles that will require alternate routes, the efforts should lead to new discoveries and technical advances with important impacts on the global problem of crop productivity and bioenergy production.