Honey Bee Colonies Headed by Hyperpolyandrous Queens Have Improved Brood Rearing Efficiency and Lower Infestation Rates of Parasitic Varroa Mites.
Honey Bee Colonies Headed by Hyperpolyandrous Queens Have Improved Brood Rearing Efficiency and Lower Infestation Rates of Parasitic Varroa Mites.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0142985
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Budge GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delaplane KS;Pietravalle S;Brown MA;Budge GE
蜜蜂蜂王平均与 12 只雄性进行翅膀交配，并储存它们的精子，以产生混合父系后代。蜂王一妻多夫的程度与其群体的健康状况呈正相关，观察到的交配数量分布是平衡交配飞行风险与群体利益的进化最佳值。据记录，有效交配数量高达 40 只，这引出了这种行为带来群体效益的上限问题。在这项研究中，我们使用仪器授精创造了三类具有夸张的一妻多夫范围的蜂王——15、30或60只雄蜂。以蜂王为首的、由 30 或 60 只雄蜂授精的蜂群，与蜂王由 15 只雄蜂授精的蜂群相比，每只蜜蜂产下更多的巢，并且瓦螨阳性样本的比例更低，这表明一妻多夫的好处比自然界中通常获得的好处要高。我们的结果与两个假设一致，即奖励如此高的一妻多夫表达的条件：（1）女王可能与许多雄性交配，以促进亚科之间有益的非加性遗传相互作用；（2）女王可能与许多雄性交配，以捕获大量稀有等位基因，这些等位基因调节繁殖群体对病原体和寄生虫的抵抗力。我们的结果是独一无二的，它可以确定迄今为止检测到的一妻多夫制的最高水平，从而赋予群体水平的益处，并显示一妻多夫制的益处，特别是对寄生螨 V. destructor 的益处。
A honey bee queen mates on wing with an average of 12 males and stores their sperm to produce progeny of mixed paternity. The degree of a queen’s polyandry is positively associated with measures of her colony’s fitness, and observed distributions of mating number are evolutionary optima balancing risks of mating flights against benefits to the colony. Effective mating numbers as high as 40 have been documented, begging the question of the upper bounds of this behavior that can be expected to confer colony benefit. In this study we used instrumental insemination to create three classes of queens with exaggerated range of polyandry– 15, 30, or 60 drones. Colonies headed by queens inseminated with 30 or 60 drones produced more brood per bee and had a lower proportion of samples positive for Varroa destructor mites than colonies whose queens were inseminated with 15 drones, suggesting benefits of polyandry at rates higher than those normally obtaining in nature. Our results are consistent with two hypotheses that posit conditions that reward such high expressions of polyandry: (1) a queen may mate with many males in order to promote beneficial non-additive genetic interactions among subfamilies, and (2) a queen may mate with many males in order to capture a large number of rare alleles that regulate resistance to pathogens and parasites in a breeding population. Our results are unique for identifying the highest levels of polyandry yet detected that confer colony-level benefit and for showing a benefit of polyandry in particular toward the parasitic mite V. destructor.