Gaze patterns when looking at emotional pictures: Motivationally biased attention
Gaze patterns when looking at emotional pictures: Motivationally biased attention
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DOI：
10.1023/b:moem.0000040153.26156.ed
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Lang, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calvo, MG;Lang, PJ
情绪中性的、愉快的（深情的）或不愉快的（威胁和伤害的）场景的图片与非情绪控制的图片配对，并呈现30秒，同时监测眼睛的注视。对每对情绪图片的优先注意发生在加工的早期阶段：在前500毫秒内，愉快和不愉快图片的第一次注视的放置概率和观看时间比例都高于中性图片，而随后的注视位置和时间没有差异影响。这表明，当情绪和非情绪刺激同时出现时，情绪意义捕捉到最初的显性定向，并通过凝视方向和持续时间来早期吸引注意力。这种效应可以用感性和中性图片之间的感知差异（如亮度和复杂性）来解释的可能性被排除了。
Pictures of either emotionally neutral, pleasant (affectionate), or unpleasant (threat and injury) scenes were paired with nonemotional control pictures and presented for 3 s, while eye fixations were monitored. Preferential attention to the emotional picture of each pair occurred at an early processing stage: The probability of placement of the first fixation and the proportion of viewing time during the first 500 ms were higher for both pleasant and unpleasant pictures than for neutral pictures, whereas later fixation location and time were not differentially affected. This suggests that, when emotional and nonemotional stimuli are presented simultaneously, emotional meaning captures initial overt orienting and engages attention early, as measured by gaze direction and duration. The possibility that this effect could be accounted for by perceptual differences-such as luminance and complexity-between emotional and neutral pictures was ruled out.