Determinants of food insecurity among households with children in Villa el Salvador, Lima, Peru: the role of gender and employment, a cross-sectional study.
Determinants of food insecurity among households with children in Villa el Salvador, Lima, Peru: the role of gender and employment, a cross-sectional study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-022-12889-4
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发表时间：
2022-04-11
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Chaparro MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Santos MP;Brewer JD;Lopez MA;Paz-Soldan VA;Chaparro MP
从2014年到2019年，拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的中度至严重粮食不安全增长速度最快，从22.9%上升到31.7%。虽然在各大洲，妇女的粮食不安全普遍高于男子，但拉丁美洲的粮食不安全性别差距最大。造成这种性别不平等的因素包括妇女在正规就业中的代表性不足，妇女的抚养负担加重，以及男女劳动报酬不平等。本研究的目的是调查秘鲁利马低收入区有子女家庭的户主性别、家庭成员就业状况和粮食不安全之间的关系。这项横断面研究是在萨尔瓦多镇进行的，该镇是秘鲁首都利马的第五大区，超过20%的人口生活在贫困中。数据收集分层随机抽样（n = 329）使用家庭问卷，包括验证的食品安全工具（HFIAS）。我们运行多变量logistic回归模型预测家庭粮食不安全，自变量包括户主性别，户主教育，户主就业，家庭就业状况，年龄和每人每周食品支出。在经过充分调整的模型中，女户主家庭粮食不安全的几率几乎是男户主家庭的三倍。教育也有显著的影响大小：户主没有完成高中学业的家庭粮食不安全的可能性是受过高等教育的家庭的3.4倍。与男户主家庭相比，女户主家庭中未正式就业的成员比例高得多，但就业状况与粮食不安全无关。在萨尔瓦多镇，户主性别是造成家庭粮食不安全的一个主要因素。影响就业、教育和无报酬工作机会的性别动态应成为国家粮食安全政策和干预措施的依据，其目标不仅是降低粮食不安全，而且是减少粮食不安全和其他营养结果方面的性别不平等。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s12889-022-12889-4获得。
From 2014–2019, Latin America and the Caribbean had the fastest growth of moderate-to-severe food insecurity than any other region, rising from 22.9% to 31.7%. While the prevalence of food insecurity is higher among women than men in every continent, Latin America has the largest food insecurity gender gap. Factors contributing to this gender inequity include underrepresentation of women in formal employment, heightened burden of dependent care on women, and unequal compensation of labor for women vs. men. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the gender of the head of the household, employment status of household members, and food insecurity in households with children in a low-income district of Lima, Peru. This cross-sectional study was carried out in Villa El Salvador, the fifth largest district in Metropolitan Lima, Peru, where over 20% of the population lives in poverty. Data were collected on a stratified random sample (n = 329) using a household questionnaire, including a validated food security tool (HFIAS). We ran multivariate logistic regression models predicting household food insecurity, with independent variables including gender of household head, education of household head, employment of household head, household-level employment status, age, and weekly food expenses per person. In fully adjusted models, woman-headed households had almost thrice the odds of being food insecure compared to man-headed households. Education also had a significant effect size: a household whose household head did not complete high school was 3.4 times more likely to be food insecure than if they had some post-secondary education. Woman-headed households had a significantly higher proportion of members not formally employed, compared to man-headed households, but employment status was not associated with food insecurity. Gender of the household head was a major contributing factor to household food insecurity in Villa el Salvador. Gender dynamics affecting opportunities for employment, education, and non-remunerated work should inform national food security policies and interventions with the goal to not only lower food insecurity, but also reduce gender inequities in food insecurity and other nutritional outcomes. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12889-4.
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Brewer JD;Santos MP;Lopez MA;Paz-Soldan VA;Chaparro MP
通讯作者：
Chaparro MP