Context-dependent olfactory learning monitored by activities of salivary neurons in cockroaches
Context-dependent olfactory learning monitored by activities of salivary neurons in cockroaches
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.nlm.2011.08.010
复制
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Mizunami, Makoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsumoto, Chihiro Sato;Matsumoto, Yukihisa;Mizunami, Makoto
语境相关辨别学习是非元素联想学习的一种复杂形式，在包括昆虫在内的许多动物中都发现了这种学习。这项研究的主要目的是建立一种方法来监测被严格限制的昆虫的这种形式的非元素学习，以研究潜在的神经机制。我们报告了唾液的上下文依赖的嗅觉学习(情景设置问题解决)，这可以通过固定的美洲大蠊唾液神经元的活动变化来监测。一组蟑螂被训练将薄荷气味(条件刺激，CS)与蔗糖溶液奖励(无条件刺激，US)联系起来，而香草气味在闪烁的光线条件下(1.0赫兹)单独呈现，没有与美国配对，还被训练将香草气味与蔗糖奖励联系起来，而在稳定的光条件下，薄荷气味单独呈现。训练后，在稳定光照条件下，唾液神经元对奖赏薄荷气味的反应显著大于对非奖赏香草气味的反应；在闪光条件下，唾液神经元对奖赏香草气味的反应显著大于对非奖赏薄荷气味的反应。在另一组蟑螂身上也观察到了类似的上下文相关反应，这些蟑螂接受了相反的刺激安排。这项研究首次在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物物种中证明了唾液的上下文相关嗅觉学习，这可以通过受限制的蟑螂唾液神经元的活动变化来监测。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Context-dependent discrimination learning, a sophisticated form of nonelemental associative learning, has been found in many animals, including insects. The major purpose of this research is to establish a method for monitoring this form of nonelemental learning in rigidly restrained insects for investigation of underlying neural mechanisms. We report context-dependent olfactory learning (occasion-setting problem solving) of salivation, which can be monitored as activity changes of salivary neurons in immobilized cockroaches, Periplaneta americana. A group of cockroaches was trained to associate peppermint odor (conditioned stimulus, CS) with sucrose solution reward (unconditioned stimulus, US) while vanilla odor was presented alone without pairing with the US under a flickering light condition (1.0 Hz) and also trained to associate vanilla odor with sucrose reward while peppermint odor was presented alone under a steady light condition. After training, the responses of salivary neurons to the rewarded peppermint odor were significantly greater than those to the unrewarded vanilla odor under steady illumination and those to the rewarded vanilla odor was significantly greater than those to the unrewarded peppermint odor in the presence of flickering light. Similar context-dependent responses were observed in another group of cockroaches trained with the opposite stimulus arrangement. This study demonstrates context-dependent olfactory learning of salivation for the first time in any vertebrate and invertebrate species, which can be monitored by activity changes of salivary neurons in restrained cockroaches. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.