Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in five East Asian cities: Seasonal characteristics, health risks, and yearly variations
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in five East Asian cities: Seasonal characteristics, health risks, and yearly variations
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东亚五个城市的多环芳烃和硝基多环芳烃：季节特征、健康风险和年度变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117360
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Tang Ning
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang Lu;Zhang Lulu;Chen Lijiang;Han Chong;Akutagawa Tomoko;Endo Osamu;Yamauchi Masahito;Neroda Andrey;Toriba Akira;Tang Ning
2017年至2018年温暖和寒冷时期，在东亚五个城市（札幌、相模原、雾岛、沈阳和海参崴）收集了总悬浮颗粒物和细颗粒物。采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器检测了9种多环芳烃（PAHs）和3种硝基多环芳烃（NPAHs）。结果表明，雾岛的∑PAHs和∑NPAHs平均浓度在温暖期最低（∑PAHs：0.11 ± 0.06 ng m−3; ∑NPAHs：1.23 ± 0.96 pg m−3），在寒冷期最高（∑PAHs：49.7 ± 21.8 ng m−3; ∑NPAHs：357 ± 180 pg m−3）。沈阳和海参崴的苯并[a]芘当量总浓度平均值也高于日本城市。源解析结果表明，交通排放在暖期和冷期均对沈阳和海参崴产生影响，而燃煤排放在冷期对沈阳和海参崴的影响较为明显。此外，来自亚洲大陆的多环芳烃和非多环芳烃，包括沈阳和海参崴，对日本城市产生了一定的影响，特别是在寒冷时期。与日本城市和海参崴相比，沈阳市大气中∑PAHs和1-硝基芘的年变化趋势明显低于以往的研究结果，表明我国大气污染控制政策的积极作用。这些结果不仅描述了东亚地区典型城市中PAHs和NPAHs的现状特征和年际变化，更重要的是揭示了东亚季风的影响在分析PAHs和NPAHs的大气行为中的重要作用。此外，本研究支持多国合作在促进东亚空气污染控制方面的作用。
Total suspended particulate matter and fine particulate matter were collected in five East Asian cities (Sapporo, Sagamihara, Kirishima, Shenyang, and Vladivostok) during warm and cold periods from 2017 to 2018. Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and three nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector. The average concentrations of ∑PAHs and ∑NPAHs differed significantly both temporally and spatially and were the lowest in Kirishima during the warm period (∑PAHs: 0.11 ± 0.06 ng m−3; ∑NPAHs: 1.23 ± 0.96 pg m−3) and the highest in Shenyang during the cold period (∑PAHs: 49.7 ± 21.8 ng m−3; ∑NPAHs: 357 ± 180 pg m−3). The average total benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent concentrations were also higher in Shenyang and Vladivostok than in Japanese cities. According to the results of source apportionment, traffic emissions impacted these cities in both the warm and cold periods, whereas coal combustion-generated effects were obvious in Shenyang and Vladivostok during the cold period. Furthermore, PAHs and NPAHs originating from the Asian continent, including Shenyang and Vladivostok, exerted some influence on Japanese cities, especially in the cold period. Compared to Japanese cities and Vladivostok, yearly variations in ∑PAHs and 1-nitropyrene in Shenyang showed that their concentrations were considerably lower than those reported in past studies, indicating the positive effects of air pollutant control policies in China. These results not only describe the current characteristics and yearly variations of PAHs and NPAHs in typical urban cities in East Asia but also, more importantly, reveal that the effects of the East Asian monsoon play an important role in the analysis of atmospheric behaviours of PAHs and NPAHs. Furthermore, this study supports the role of multinational cooperation to promote air pollution control in East Asia.