Confirming unexpressed genotypes for schizophrenia. Risks in the offspring of Fischer's Danish identical and fraternal discordant twins.
Confirming unexpressed genotypes for schizophrenia. Risks in the offspring of Fischer's Danish identical and fraternal discordant twins.
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810100009002
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发表时间：
1989-10
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Gottesman;A. Bertelsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Gottesman;A. Bertelsen
玛吉特·费舍尔 (Margit Fischer) 于 1971 年报道，她的丹麦精神分裂症同卵双胞胎及其正常双胞胎的后代患精神分裂症的风险是相等的，与文献中精神分裂症患者的孩子的风险没有什么不同。截至 1985 年，距离 Fischer 的研究大约 18 年，她所有有孩子的同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎及其所有后代都通过丹麦国家精神病学登记册进行了随访。精神分裂症同卵双胞胎的后代患精神分裂症和精神分裂症相关疾病的发病风险（年龄校正）为 16.8%；在正常双胞胎的后代中，这一比例为 17.4%。精神分裂症异卵双胞胎及其正常双胞胎的后代的风险分别为 17.4% 和 2.1%。结果表明，同卵双胞胎中的不一致可能主要是由于精神分裂症基因型或素质无法表达的能力，除非它被某些环境（包括非家族性压力源）释放。因此，在我们的研究中，由脑异常、疾病或病毒引起的散发病例和表型不会被视为精神分裂症的必要或充分解释原因，但可以解释一些剩余的不一致，不常见的表型应该鼓励连锁研究人员，但基因型的不表达将使他们感到沮丧。
Margit Fischer reported in 1971 that the risk of schizophrenia in the offspring of her Danish schizophrenic monozygotic twins and their normal cotwins was equal and not different from the risks in the children of schizophrenics in the literature. All of her identical and fraternal twins who had children and all of their offspring have been followed up through the Danish National Psychiatric Register as of 1985, some 18 years after study by Fischer. The morbid risk (age-corrected) for schizophrenia and schizophrenia-related disorders in the offspring of schizophrenic identical twins is 16.8%; it is 17.4% in their normal cotwins' offspring. The risks in the offspring of schizophrenic fraternal twins and their normal cotwins are 17.4% and 2.1%, respectively. The results suggest that discordance in identical twins may primarily be explained by the capacity of a schizophrenic genotype or diathesis to be unexpressed unless it is released by some kinds of environmental, including nonfamilial, stressors. Sporadic cases and phenocopies caused by cerebral abnormalities, diseases, or viruses would thus be deemphasized as necessary or sufficient explanatory causes for schizophrenia in our study but could account for some of the remaining discordance, infrequent phenocopies should encourage linkage researchers, but unexpression of genotypes will frustrate them.