Uncommitted Commitment: Behavioral Strategy to Prevent Preference Reversals.
Uncommitted Commitment: Behavioral Strategy to Prevent Preference Reversals.
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未承诺的承诺：防止偏好逆转的行为策略。
DOI：
10.1007/s40614-019-00229-8
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bettis,Jama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yi,Richard;Milhorn,Hannah;Collado,Anahi;Tormohlen,KaylaN;Bettis,Jama
当较小-较早（SS）和较大-较晚（LL）奖励都在时间上较远时，个体通常更喜欢LL。然而，由于这两种结果变得接近，人们经常转向更喜欢SS。这些偏好逆转预测双曲线延迟折扣，并可能模拟自我控制的基本挑战。使用吸烟者，一个已知的延迟折扣率很高的人群，因此更容易受到偏好逆转，这项试点研究试图检查软承诺作为一种策略，可以防止偏好逆转。11名吸烟者被分配到一个实验性的承诺条件，操作为3周的日常承诺试验，表明SS和LL之间的偏好。10名吸烟者被分配到一个控制承诺条件。这3个星期之后，8天的日常选择试验表明之间的偏好即将SS和LL，实验和对照条件。虽然在选择试验期间没有观察到组间偏好的总体差异，但分层线性模型显示对照组对LL的偏好随时间推移而降低（例如，偏好逆转的增加趋势），但实验组没有变化。这项试点研究提供了一个初步的迹象表明，软承诺可以促进选择持久性和防止偏好逆转。
When both smaller–sooner (SS) and larger–later (LL) rewards are temporally distal, individuals frequently prefer the LL. However, because both outcomes become proximal, individuals frequently switch to preferring the SS. These preference reversals are predicted by hyperbolic delay discounting, and may model the essential challenge of self-control. Using smokers, a population known to have high rates of delay discounting, and thus more vulnerable to preference reversals, this pilot study sought to examinesoft commitmentas a strategy that may prevent preference reversals. Eleven smokers were assigned to an experimental commitment condition, operationalized as 3 weeks of daily commitment trials indicating preference between an SS and LL. Ten smokers were assigned to a control commitment condition. These 3 weeks were followed by 8 days of daily choice trials indicating preference between an impending SS and LL, for both experimental and control conditions. Though no overall difference of preference was observed between groups during the choice trials, hierarchical linear modeling revealed a decrease in preference for the LL over time by the control group (e.g., increasing trend of preference reversals) but no changes by the experimental group. This pilot study provides an initial indication that soft commitment can facilitate choice persistence and prevent preference reversals.