Transnational Multi‐Stakeholder Standardization: Organizing Fragile Non‐State Authority
Transnational Multi‐Stakeholder Standardization: Organizing Fragile Non‐State Authority
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跨国多利益相关者标准化：组织脆弱的非国家权威
DOI：
10.1108/14720701211275622
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Sethi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sethi
在他们的著作《跨国多利益相关者标准化》中：组织脆弱的非国家权威，作者，教授克里斯蒂娜塔姆Hallstrom和马格努斯Bostrom，解决新出现的社会关注的一个重要问题，即弥合跨国公司的崛起与国际治理安排的相对薄弱之间的差距，以提供一种监督机制，保护公地，并最大限度地减少对商业组织盈利。这个概念是自愿的自我调节，其中不同的利益相关者，无论是代表选民的人，如工会，雇主;或选区的社会问题，如保护人权，防止环境恶化。过去二十年来，已经看到了大量的倡议与不同程度的赞助，既得利益，并提高共同利益的感知目标。这些自愿行为准则可以是普遍性的，例如联合国全球契约，基于行业的倡议，例如采掘业透明度倡议（EITI），ICTI Care（玩具行业），或旨在制定标准并证明企业遵守这些标准的跨行业准则。
In their book, Transnational Multi‐Stakeholder Standardization: Organizing Fragile Non‐State Authority, the authors, Professors Kristina Tamm Hallstrom and Magnus Bostrom, address an important issue of emerging societal concern, ie to bridge the gap between the rise of multinational corporations and the relative weakness of international governance arrangements to provide a semblance of oversight that would protect the commons and minimizes negative externalities inflicted on society by profit making commercial organizations. The concept is that of voluntary self‐regulation wherein different stakeholders, whether representing constituencies of people, eg unions, employers; or constituencies of societal concerns, eg protection of human rights, prevention of environmental degradation.The last two decades have seen a plethora of initiatives with varying level of sponsorship, vested interests, and perceived goals of enhanced common good. These voluntary codes of conduct could be universal in character, eg United Nations Global Compact, industry‐based initiatives, eg Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative (EITI), ICTI Care (toy industry), or cross‐industry codes that aim to set standards and certify corporate compliance with those standards.