Evaluation of Immigrant Tuberculosis Screening in Industrialized Countries
Evaluation of Immigrant Tuberculosis Screening in Industrialized Countries
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DOI：
10.3201/eid1809.120128
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Lalvani, Ajit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pareek, Manish;Baussano, Iacopo;Lalvani, Ajit
在工业化国家，结核病（TB）病例集中在移民中，并由输入性潜伏性TB感染（LTBI）的重新激活所驱动。我们通过向经济合作与发展组织的31个成员国发送一份匿名的18点问卷，检查了用于筛查结核病和LTBI移民的机制。31人中有29人（93.5%）做出了回应; 25人（86.2%）对移民进行了活动性结核病筛查。筛查LTBI的国家较少（16/29，55.2%）。在目标人群中观察到年龄的显著变化（范围为20例/100 000人至>500例/100 000人）。16个国家中有11个国家使用结核菌素皮肤试验进行了LTBI筛查。六个国家使用了干扰素-γ释放测定法，主要是为了确认结核菌素皮肤试验结果呈阳性。工业化国家很少进行LTBI筛查，政策差异很大。目前迫切需要确定移民LTBI筛查策略的成本效益。
In industrialized countries, tuberculosis (TB) cases are concentrated among immigrants and driven by reactivation of imported latent TB infection (LTBI). We examined mechanisms used to screen immigrants for TB and LTBI by sending an anonymous, 18-point questionnaire to 31 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. Twenty-nine (93.5%) of 31 responded; 25 (86.2%) screened immigrants for active TB. Fewer countries (16/29, 55.2%) screened for LTBI. Marked variations were observed in targeted populations for age (range 20 cases/100,000 population to >500 cases/100,000). LTBI screening was conducted in 11/16 countries by using the tuberculin skin test. Six countries used interferon-gamma release assays, primarily to confirm positive tuberculin skin test results. Industrialized countries performed LTBI screening infrequently and policies varied widely. There is an urgent need to define the cost-effectiveness of LTBI screening strategies for immigrants.