Delivering Sustained, Coordinated, and Integrated Observations of the Southern Ocean for Global Impact-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.3389/fmars.2019.00433

发表时间：

2019-08

期刊：

Frontiers in Marine Science

影响因子：

3.7

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

生物学2区

文献类型：

作者：

Louise Newman;P. Heil;Rowan Trebilco;K. Katsumata;A. Constable;Esmee M. van Wijk;K. Assmann;J. Beja;P. Bricher;R. Coleman;D. Costa;S. Diggs;R. Farneti;S. Fawcett;S. Gille;K. Hendry;S. Henley;E. Hofmann;T. Maksym;M. Mazloff;A. Meijers;M. Meredith;Sebastian Moreau;Burcu Ozsoy;R. Robertson;I. Schloss;O. Schofield;Jiuxin Shi;E. Sikes;I. Smith;S. Swart;A. Wåhlin;G. Williams;M. Williams;L. Herraiz-Borreguero;S. Kern;J. Lieser;R. Massom;J. Melbourne‐Thomas;P. Miloslavich;G. Spreen

南大洋对地球系统的影响格外重要，影响到气候、地球化学和生态系统，这使得最近观察到的该系统的变化引起全球关注。要加强对南大洋未来状况的了解和预测能力，就需要持续观测。在过去十年中，南大洋观测系统建立了加强区域协调的网络和研究团体，以推动观测系统能力的发展。这些网络支持SOOS 20年愿景的实现，即开发一个绕极系统，确保关键变量的时间序列，并为所有关键最终用户提供数据的最大影响。虽然南大洋仍然是观测最少的海洋区域之一，但国际协调的加强和自主平台的进步，在满足对该区域进行持续观测的需要方面取得了进展。自2009年以来，南大洋社区已在40°S以南部署了5700多个观测平台。大规模、多年或持续的多学科努力得到了支持，目前正在提供空间和时间尺度上的基本变量观测结果，以便能够评估在南大洋系统中观测到的变化。不过，改进后的观测覆盖面主要是开阔洋，包括夏季，主要包括物理海洋学变量，覆盖面达2 000米。在对受冰影响的海洋、海冰、深度超过2000米、空气-海冰界面、海洋地球化学和生物变量以及夏季以外季节的观测方面仍存在重大差距。要持续解决这些数据差距，就需要在协调网络、网络基础设施和数据管理工具、观测平台和传感器技术、平台询问和数据传输技术、建模框架以及国际商定的关键变量抽样要求方面取得同步进展。本文介绍了过去十年主要科学和观测进展的社区声明，重要的是，对未来十年的关键优先事项进行了评估，以实现SOOS愿景并向所有最终用户提供基本数据。

The Southern Ocean is disproportionately important in its effect on the Earth system, impacting climatic, biogeochemical and ecological systems, which makes recent observed changes to this system cause for global concern. The enhanced understanding and improvements in predictive skill needed for understanding and projecting future states of the Southern Ocean require sustained observations. Over the last decade, the Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS) has established networks for enhancing regional coordination and research community groups to advance development of observing system capabilities. These networks support delivery of the SOOS 20-year vision, which is to develop a circumpolar system that ensures time series of key variables, and deliver the greatest impact from data to all key end-users. Although the Southern Ocean remains one of the least-observed ocean regions, enhanced international coordination and advances in autonomous platforms have resulted in progress towards addressing the need for sustained observations of this region. Since 2009, the Southern Ocean community has deployed over 5700 observational platforms south of 40°S. Large-scale, multi-year or sustained, multidisciplinary efforts have been supported and are now delivering observations of essential variables at space and time scales that enable assessment of changes being observed in Southern Ocean systems. The improved observational coverage, however, is predominantly for the open ocean, encompasses the summer, consists of primarily physical oceanographic variables and covers surface to 2000 m. Significant gaps remain in observations of the ice-impacted ocean, the sea ice, depths more than 2000 m, the air-sea-ice interface, biogeochemical and biological variables, and for seasons other than summer. Addressing these data gaps in a sustained way requires parallel advances in coordination networks, cyberinfrastructure and data management tools, observational platform and sensor technology, platform interrogation and data-transmission technologies, modeling frameworks, and internationally agreed sampling requirements of key variables. This paper presents a community statement on the major scientific and observational progress of the last decade, and importantly, an assessment of key priorities for the coming decade, towards achieving the SOOS vision and delivering essential data to all end users.

Delivering Sustained, Coordinated, and Integrated Observations of the Southern Ocean for Global Impact

文献摘要

被引文献

相似文献