THE EFFECT OF PREVIOUS PREPARATORY INTERVALS UPON ANTICIPATORY RESPONSES IN THE REACTION TIME OF SCHIZOPHRENIC AND NONSCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS
THE EFFECT OF PREVIOUS PREPARATORY INTERVALS UPON ANTICIPATORY RESPONSES IN THE REACTION TIME OF SCHIZOPHRENIC AND NONSCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS
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先前的准备间隔对精神分裂症和非精神分裂症患者反应时间内预期反应的影响
DOI：
10.1097/00005053-197111000-00010
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发表时间：
1971
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. L. Cromwell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. M. Nideffer;J. Neale;J. H. Kopfstein;R. L. Cromwell
共120例男性住院精神病患者（30例急性和30例慢性精神分裂症患者，30例急性和30例慢性非精神分裂症患者）的反应时（RT）进行了测试与随机序列的准备间隔（PI '）的1，2，和8秒。与一般预期相反，预期而不是RT是精神分裂症最重要的指标。正如预测的那样，RT作为PI的函数而变化;然而，在急性-慢性和精神分裂症-非精神分裂症维度中没有显示出差异。精神分裂症患者有更多的预期反应比非精神分裂症患者与8秒PI和先前的PI（PPI）比PI短。RT也被发现不同的PPI的功能，每个试验。PPI=PI时反应最快，PPI< PI时反应次之，PPI>PI时反应最慢。当从PPI分析中去除PI的混杂效应时，对PPI反应的组间差异消失。结果进行了讨论的Zahn和Shakow的注意定势配方。
A total of 120 male hospitalized psychiatric patients (30 acute and 30 chronic schizophrenics, 30 acute and 30 chronic nonschizophrenics) were tested for reaction time (RT) with a random sequence of preparatory intervals (PI')s of 1, 2, and 8 seconds. Contrary to general expectation, anticipation rather than RT was the most important indicator of schizophrenia. As predicted, RT varied as a function of PI's; however, no differences were shown in the acute-chronic and schizophrenic-nonschizophrenic dimensions. Schizophrenic patients had more anticipatory responses than nonschizophrenic patients with the 8-second PI and when the prior PI (PPI) was shorter than the PI. RT was also found to differ as a function of the PPI of each trial. Fastest responses occurred when PPI=PI, next fastest when PPI< PI, and slowest when PPI>PI. When confounding effects of the PI were removed from the PPI analyses, group differences in response to the PPI disappeared. Results were discussed in terms of the attentional set formulations of Zahn and Shakow.