Between mobility and migration. The multi-level governance of intra-European movement
Between mobility and migration. The multi-level governance of intra-European movement
复制标题
介于流动与迁移之间。
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-77991-1
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
P. Scholten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ostaijen;P. Scholten
欧盟发展的基石之一是欧盟内部人员自由流动的原则。欧盟创造了一个前所未有的领域，在这个领域，不仅资本、商品和服务，而且人员也可以相对自由地流动。这种行动自由受到欧盟法律的保障，并体现在里斯本战略的原则中，其目标是“通过减少行动障碍，创造更多更好的就业机会”（欧洲联盟委员会，2004年，2007年）。特别是在2004年和2011年欧盟扩大后，中欧和东欧（CEE）国家的欧盟运动规模显着增长。来自中欧和东欧的欧盟成员国的移民已演变为欧洲内部的主要移民流之一（Black等人，2010年）。例如，2004-2007年期间，有220多万来自波兰的人参与国际移徙或流动（Grabowska-Lusinska等人，2009年）。这促成了欧洲东西移民的“新面貌”（Favell 2008; Favell and Recchi 2010）。因此，必须更多地了解从中欧和东欧向西欧移徙的情况。因为这种“新面孔”并非没有后果（货车Ostaijen等人，2017）。这一“新面孔”引发了各国部长呼吁注意“这种类型的移民给东道国社会带来了相当大的额外成本负担”（Mikl-Leitner et al. 2013），并要求打击“不当和滥用”《岗位工人指令》（Hundstorfer et al. 2015）。当时的内政事务专员塞西莉亚·马尔姆斯特伦（Cecilia Malmström）在回应中批评了这一抗议，并表示：“他们把欧盟内部的流动性和移民混为一谈”（汉森，2015年）。根据一份外部研究报告，
One of the cornerstones of the development of the European Union is the principle of free movement within the EU. The EU has created an unprecedented area in which not just capital, goods and services but also people can move around relatively freely. This freedom of movement is guaranteed by EU law and enshrined in the principles of the Lisbon strategy with the objective of creating ‘more and better jobs, by reducing obstacles to mobility’(European Commission 2004, 2007). Especially after the EU enlargements in 2004 and 2011 with various Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, the scale of EU movement has grown significantly. Migration from the EU Member States in Central and Eastern-Europe (CEE) has evolved into one of the main migration flows within Europe (Black et al. 2010). For instance, it resulted in more than 2.2 million people from Poland engaged in international migration or mobility between 2004–2007 (Grabowska-Lusinska et al. 2009). This contributed to a ‘new face’of East-West migration in Europe (Favell 2008; Favell and Recchi 2010). It is therefore important to know more about migration from Central and Eastern to Western parts of Europe. Because this ‘new face’has not remained without consequences (Van Ostaijen et al. 2017). This ‘new face’triggered for instance national Ministers to call for attention that“this type of immigration burdens the host societies with considerable additional costs”(Mikl-Leitner et al. 2013) and ask to combat ‘the improper and abusive use’of the Posted Workers Directive (Hundstorfer et al. 2015). In a response, the then Home Affairs Commissioner, Cecilia Malmström, criticized this outcry and stated that:“they are mixing apples and oranges” by “mixing up internal EU mobility and immigration”(Hansen 2015). By an external research report, the European