Holding Back the Tears: Individual Differences in Adult Crying Proneness Reflect Attachment Orientation and Attitudes to Crying.
Holding Back the Tears: Individual Differences in Adult Crying Proneness Reflect Attachment Orientation and Attitudes to Crying.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01003
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Rowe AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Millings A;Hepper EG;Hart CM;Swift L;Rowe AC
尽管哭泣是一种普遍的人类依恋行为，但人们对哭泣的个体差异知之甚少。为了便于进行此类检查，我们首先建议使用两个独立样本来缩短成人哭泣量表的态度和倾向部分。重要的是，我们研究了哭泣倾向的依恋取向差异，并测试了哭泣态度在这种关系中的中介作用。参与者（样本 1 N = 623，样本 2 N = 781）完成了成人依恋维度（回避和焦虑）、对哭泣的态度和哭泣倾向的在线测量。样本 1 中的探索性因素分析揭示了影响哭泣态度的四个因素： 哭泣有助于感觉更好；哭泣是健康的；讨厌哭泣；并且哭泣是可以控制的；容易哭泣的三个因素：自我受到威胁；悲伤；和喜悦。样本 2 中的验证性因素分析复制了这些结构。每个量表都创建了理论上和统计上合理的简短形式。多重中介分析揭示了两个样本的相似结果模式，“哭泣是健康的”和“哭泣是可控的”态度始终介导依恋焦虑和哭泣倾向之间的正向联系，以及依恋回避和哭泣倾向之间的负向联系。结果与依恋和情绪调节相关的文献进行了讨论。
Despite being a universal human attachment behavior, little is known about individual differences in crying. To facilitate such examination we first recommend shortened versions of the attitudes and proneness sections of the Adult Crying Inventory using two independent samples. Importantly, we examine attachment orientation differences in crying proneness and test the mediating role of attitudes toward crying in this relationship. Participants (Sample 1 N = 623, Sample 2 N = 781), completed online measures of adult attachment dimensions (avoidance and anxiety), attitudes toward crying, and crying proneness. Exploratory factor analyses in Sample 1 revealed four factors for crying attitudes: crying helps one feel better; crying is healthy; hatred of crying; and crying is controllable; and three factors for crying proneness: threat to self; sadness; and joy. Confirmatory factor analyses in Sample 2 replicated these structures. Theoretically and statistically justified short forms of each scale were created. Multiple mediation analyses revealed similar patterns of results across the two samples, with the attitudes “crying is healthy” and “crying is controllable” consistently mediating the positive links between attachment anxiety and crying proneness, and the negative links between attachment avoidance and crying proneness. Results are discussed in relation to attachment and emotion regulation literature.