Heart rate during hyperphagia differs between two bear species
Heart rate during hyperphagia differs between two bear species
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DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2018.0681
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Arnemo, Jon M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuchs, Boris;Yamazaki, Koji;Arnemo, Jon M.
暴食是熊在进入冬眠前获得脂肪储备的年度循环的关键部分。我们使用心率作为代理，比较了日本的亚洲黑熊（Ursus thibetanus）和瑞典的欧亚棕熊（Ursus arctos）从夏季到冬眠的代谢率。在摄食期，黑熊以富含脂肪和碳水化合物的硬桅杆为食，而棕熊则以富含糖的浆果为食。硬桅杆的可用性有数量和空间的年度波动，这可能需要增加活动，并导致种内压力。使用广义加性混合模型，我们分析了两个物种之间的心率差异。黑熊在夏季心率下降，但与棕熊相比，在整个摄食期心率值增加了一倍。这封信说明了不同的生理后果的季节性差异的食物供应在同一属的两个物种处理相同的物候挑战。
Hyperphagia is a critical part of the yearly cycle of bears when they gain fat reserves before entering hibernation. We used heart rate as a proxy to compare the metabolic rate between the Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Japan and the Eurasian brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Sweden from summer into hibernation. In the hyperphagic period, black bears feed on fat- and carbohydrate-rich hard masts whereas brown bears feed on sugar-rich berries. Availability of hard masts has quantitative and spatial annual fluctuations, which might require increased activity and result in intraspecific stress. Using generalized additive mixed models we analysed the differences in heart rate between the two species. Black bears had decreased heart rates during summer but had doubled heart rate values throughout the hyperphagic period compared to brown bears. This letter illustrates the different physiological consequences of seasonal differences in food availability in two species of the same genus dealing with the same phenological challenge.