Neuropsychological guidelines for aircraft control stations
Neuropsychological guidelines for aircraft control stations
复制标题
飞机控制站的神经心理学指南
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Previc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Previc
尽管选拔和训练军事飞行员的过程很严格，但他们在飞行中往往会出现空间定向障碍（SD）和情况感知能力丧失（LSA）。据估计，SD事故每30万小时发生一次，而LSA事故的发生频率约为300,000小时的三倍。因此，拥有3000小时飞行经验的经验丰富的飞行员发生SD相关事故的可能性为14%，发生SD或lsa相关事故的可能性至少为3%。然而，卷入对安全或任务成功构成严重风险的sd相关事件的可能性要高得多；例如，26%驾驶f -16的经验丰富的战斗机飞行员报告说，在他们的飞行生涯中，SD造成了“近乎事故”。虽然飞行的异常加速环境本身就是危险和不可原谅的，但大多数航空控制站的糟糕设计可以说加剧了飞行员在空中环境中的感觉运动限制。本文的目的是为飞机控制站（包括驾驶舱）提供一套基于神经心理学原理的指导方针。这些台站将充分利用飞行员的信息处理能力，使他们能够更好地应对飞行和增强战术行动的需求。
Despite the rigorous process for selecting and training military pilots, they all too often succumb to spatial disorientation (SD) and loss of situation awareness (LSA) in flight. It is estimated that SD mishaps occur once every 300,000 hours and that an LSA mishap occurs about three times as often. Hence, an experienced pilot with 3,000 hours of flight experience has a 14% likelihood of being involved in an SD-related mishap and at least a 3% chance of being involved in either an SD- or LSA-related mishap. However, the likelihood of being involved in an SD-related incident that poses a serious risk to safety or mission success is much higher; for example, 26% of experienced fighter pilots flying F-16s reported that SD had caused a "near-accident" in their flying careers. Although the abnormal acceleratory environment of flight is inherently dangerous and unforgiving, the poor design of most aviation control stations arguably compounds the sensorimotor limitations of pilots in the aerial environment. The purpose of this article is to provide a set of guidelines for aircraft control stations (including cockpits), based on neuropsychological principles. These stations will exploit fully the information-processing capabilities of pilots and allow them to cope better with the demands of flying and enhanced tactical operations.
影响因子：
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作者：
KELLY, DH
通讯作者：
KELLY, DH