Long-term retrograde amnesia ... the crucial role of the hippocampus
Long-term retrograde amnesia ... the crucial role of the hippocampus
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0028-3932(00)00103-2
复制
发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Rudge, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cipolotti, L;Shallice, T;Rudge, P
对于海马病理学患者，文献中关于逆行性遗忘是暂时性有限的还是非常广泛的存在分歧，这取决于解剖学损伤是否仅限于该结构或还涉及额外的颞叶皮层。我们报告一个全面的评估逆行和顺行记忆功能的严重全球性失忆症患者（VC）。我们发现他有一种非常广泛的，基本上不分级的逆行性遗忘症。这种损害深刻地影响了他失忆症发作前的四十年，包括非个人和个人的事实和事件。VC还提出了一个严重的顺行性遗忘和赤字的收购新的语义知识在发病后的时期。详细的MRI体积测量结果显示，双侧腰肌明显萎缩。与逆行性遗忘症的争论相关的是，两个内嗅皮质和两个颞叶的其余部分的体积都是正常的。这些数据表明，海马不仅对有效编码和正常回忆新信息至关重要，而且对回忆健忘症发作前获得的情节信息也至关重要。我们的研究结果与以下观点一致：当损伤仅限于海马体时，逆行性遗忘症是广泛的且未分级的。(C)2000爱思唯尔科学有限公司版权所有。
For patients with hippocampal pathology, disagreement exists in the literature over whether retrograde amnesia is temporally limited or very extensive depending on whether the anatomical damage is restricted to this structure or also involves additional temporal cortex. We report a comprehensive assessment of retrograde and anterograde memory functions of a severely global amnesic patient (VC). We found that he presented with a remarkably extensive and basically ungraded retrograde amnesia. This impairment profoundly affected four decades preceding the onset of his amnesia and encompassed both non personal and personal facts and events. VC also presented with a severe anterograde amnesia and a deficit in the acquisition of new semantic knowledge in the post-morbid period. Detailed MRI volumetric measurements revealed gross abnormalities in both hippocampi which were markedly shrunken. Of relevance to the debate on retrograde amnesia were the observations that the volumes of both entorhinal cortices and the remainder of both temporal lobes were normal. These data suggest that the hippocampus is critical not only for the efficient encoding and hence normal recall of new information but also for the recall of episodic information acquired before the onset of amnesia. Our results are compatible with the view that retrograde amnesia is both extensive and ungraded when the damage is limited to the hippocampus. (C) 2000 Elsevier science Ltd. All rights reserved.