Functional significance of cleavable signal peptides of G protein-coupled receptors.

Functional significance of cleavable signal peptides of G protein-coupled receptors.
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G蛋白偶联受体可裂解信号肽的功能意义

DOI:
10.1016/j.ejcb.2011.02.006
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
6.6
通讯作者:
Rosenthal W
Rosenthal W
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schülein R;Westendorf C;Krause G;Rosenthal W

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大约5-10%的G蛋白偶联受体(GPCRs)含有N-末端信号肽,在转位蛋白介导的受体插入内质网(ER)膜的过程中被内质网(ER)的信号肽酶所切割。为什么只有一部分GPCRs需要这些额外的信号肽,这一原因在过去十年里只通过有限数量的研究得到了解决。最近的研究表明,GPCRs的信号肽不仅具有经典的内质网靶向和易位蛋白门控功能,还具有分泌蛋白信号肽的功能。在GPCRs的情况下,未切割的假信号肽可能调节质膜上受体的表达,也可能影响G蛋白偶联。此外,GPCRs的信号肽似乎在功能上与成熟N尾的序列相匹配。在这篇综述中,我们总结了关于GPCRs可切割信号肽的现有知识,并讨论了这些序列是否可能成为未来药理学的药物靶点的问题。
About 5–10% of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) contain N-terminal signal peptides that are cleaved off by the signal peptidases of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during the translocon-mediated receptor insertion into the ER membrane. The reason as to why only a subset of the GPCRs requires these additional signal peptides was addressed in the past decade only by a limited number of studies. Recent progress suggests that signal peptides of GPCRs do not only serve the classical ER targeting and translocon gating functions as described for the signal peptides of secretory proteins. In the case of GPCRs, uncleaved pseudo signal peptides may regulate receptor expression at the plasma membrane and may also influence G protein coupling. Moreover, signal peptides of GPCRs seem to match functionally with sequences of the mature N tails. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about cleavable signal peptides of GPCRs and address the question whether these sequences may be future drug targets in pharmacology.
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