Developmental and Behavioral Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of DDX3X Syndrome.

Developmental and Behavioral Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of DDX3X Syndrome.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.05.027
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发表时间:
2021-12-01
影响因子:
10.6
通讯作者:
De Rubeis S
De Rubeis S
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Boitnott A;Garcia-Forn M;Ung DC;Niblo K;Mendonca D;Park Y;Flores M;Maxwell S;Ellegood J;Qiu LR;Grice DE;Lerch JP;Rasin MR;Buxbaum JD;Drapeau E;De Rubeis S

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X 连锁基因 DDX3X 的突变约占女性智力障碍的 2%,通常与行为问题、运动缺陷和大脑畸形同时发生。 DDX3X 编码一种 RNA 解旋酶,在皮质发生和突触发生中具有新兴功能。我们生成了一只 Ddx3x 单倍体不足的小鼠(Ddx3x+/- 雌性),其具有 DDX3X 功能丧失突变的构建有效性。我们使用标准化电池来评估发育里程碑和成人行为,以及皮质投射神经元的磁共振成像和免疫染色,以捕获出生后早期大脑发育的变化。 Ddx3x+/- 女性表现出身体、感觉和运动迟缓,并在成年后演变成行为异常,包括多动、焦虑样行为、特定任务中的认知障碍(例如,情境恐惧记忆,但不是新物体识别记忆)和运动缺陷。运动功能会随着年龄的增长而下降,但如果小鼠之前接受过行为训练则不会。发育和行为变化与脑容量减少有关,某些区域(例如皮质和杏仁核)受到不成比例的影响。皮质变薄伴随着皮质层压缺陷,表明 Ddx3x 调节发育中皮质中谷氨酸能神经元的平衡。这些数据为驱动 DDX3X 综合征的发育机制提供了新的线索,并支持这种新型临床前小鼠模型的表面有效性。
Mutations in the X-linked gene DDX3X account for ~2% of intellectual disability in females, often co-morbid with behavioral problems, motor deficits, and brain malformations. DDX3X encodes an RNA helicase with emerging functions in corticogenesis and synaptogenesis. We generated a Ddx3x haploinsufficient mouse (Ddx3x+/− females) with construct validity for DDX3X loss-of-function mutations. We used standardized batteries to assess developmental milestones and adult behaviors, as well as magnetic resonance imaging and immunostaining of cortical projection neurons to capture early postnatal changes in brain development. Ddx3x+/− females show physical, sensory, and motor delays that evolve into behavioral anomalies in adulthood, including hyperactivity, anxiety-like behaviors, cognitive impairments in specific tasks (e.g., contextual fear memory but not novel object recognition memory) and motor deficits. Motor function declines with age but not if mice were previously exposed to behavioral training. Developmental and behavioral changes are associated with a reduction in brain volume, with some regions (e.g., cortex and amygdala) disproportionally affected. Cortical thinning is accompanied by defective cortical lamination, indicating that Ddx3x regulates the balance of glutamatergic neurons in the developing cortex. These data shed new light on the developmental mechanisms driving DDX3X syndrome and support face validity of this novel pre-clinical mouse model.
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