In sickness and in health: Risk sharing within households in rural Ethiopia
In sickness and in health: Risk sharing within households in rural Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1086/316098
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发表时间：
2000-08-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Krishnan, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dercon, S;Krishnan, P
许多关于消费平滑和风险分担的文献都关注家庭作为一个单位保护其消费的能力。人们对家庭个别成员长期或相对于家庭其他成员保持消费平稳的能力知之甚少。我们利用埃塞俄比亚成人营养数据来调查个人是否能够随着时间的推移和在家庭内平稳地消费。我们发现较贫困的家庭无法做到这一点。此外，南方贫困家庭没有完全分担风险；这些家庭中的妇女首当其冲地受到不利冲击。这一结果意味着家庭组织的集体模式（将帕累托效率强加于分配）对于这些家庭来说是被拒绝的。最后，我们获得了家庭分配中相对帕累托权重的估计。我们发现，如果关于离婚协议的习惯法有利，或者如果她来自相对富裕的背景，并且贫穷的南方妇女在分配中的帕累托权重较低，那么妻子的相对地位会更好。
Much of the literature on consumption smoothing and on risk sharing has focused on the ability of the household as a unit to protect its consumption. Little is known about the ability of individual members of the household to keep consumption smooth over time or relative to other members of the household. We use data on adult nutrition in Ethiopia to investigate whether individuals are able to smooth their consumption over time and within the household. We find that poorer households are not able to do so. Furthermore, poor southern households do not engage in complete risk sharing; women in these households bear the brunt of adverse shocks. This result implies that the collective model of household organization, which imposes Pareto efficiency on allocations, is rejected for these households. Finally, we obtain estimates of the relative Pareto weights in household allocation. We find that a wife's relative position is better if customary laws on settlements at divorce are favorable or if she comes from a relatively wealthy background and that poor southern women have lower Pareto weights in allocation.