Tobacco use in India: prevalence and predictors of smoking and chewing in a national cross sectional household survey.
Tobacco use in India: prevalence and predictors of smoking and chewing in a national cross sectional household survey.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/tc.12.4.e4
复制
发表时间：
2003-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Jamjoum, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rani, M;Bonu, S;Jamjoum, L
目的：估计印度烟草消费的患病率和社会经济和人口统计学相关因素。设计：横断面、具有全国代表性的以人口为基础的住户调查。对象：全国家庭健康调查-2（1998-99）从91 196个家庭中抽取315 598名15岁或以上的个人。从家庭举报人处获得烟草消费数据。措施和方法：以当前吸烟和咀嚼烟草的流行率作为结果测量。简单、双向交叉表和多元逻辑回归分析是主要的分析方法。结果：印度15岁及以上人口中有30%（47%的男性和14%的女性）吸烟或咀嚼烟草，这意味着印度约有1.95亿人——1.54亿男性和4100万女性。然而，由于家庭举报人的使用，咀嚼烟草在男性和女性中的患病率分别被低估了近11%和1.5%，吸烟在男性和女性中的患病率分别被低估了5%和0.5%。在贫穷、受教育程度较低、排期种姓和排期部落人口中，烟草消费量明显较高。烟草消费流行率在50岁之前呈上升趋势，然后趋于平稳或下降。吸烟和咀嚼的流行程度在不同的州之间也有很大的差异，并且与个人的社会文化特征有很强的联系。结论：研究结果强调，改善印度穷人健康结果的议程必须包括控制烟草使用的有效干预措施。如果做不到这一点，很可能会导致印度大量穷人的传染性和非传染性疾病负担加倍。有必要使用更一致的烟草使用定义进行定期调查，并收集关于消费不同类型烟草的信息。该研究还表明，有必要调整基于家庭举报人的患病率估计。
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and the socioeconomic and demographic correlates of tobacco consumption in India.DESIGN: Cross sectional, nationally representative population based household survey.SUBJECTS: 315 598 individuals 15 years or older from 91 196 households were sampled in National Family Health Survey-2 (1998-99). Data on tobacco consumption were elicited from household informants. Measures and methods: Prevalence of current smoking and current chewing of tobacco were used as outcome measures. Simple and two way cross tabulations and multivariate logistic regression analysis were the main analytical methods.RESULTS: Thirty per cent of the population 15 years or older-47% men and 14% of women-either smoked or chewed tobacco, which translates to almost 195 million people-154 million men and 41 million women in India. However, the prevalence may be underestimated by almost 11% and 1.5% for chewing tobacco among men and women, respectively, and by 5% and 0.5% for smoking among men and women, respectively, because of use of household informants. Tobacco consumption was significantly higher in poor, less educated, scheduled castes and scheduled tribe populations. The prevalence of tobacco consumption increased up to the age of 50 years and then levelled or declined. The prevalence of smoking and chewing also varied widely between different states and had a strong association with individual's sociocultural characteristics.CONCLUSION: The findings of the study highlight that an agenda to improve health outcomes among the poor in India must include effective interventions to control tobacco use. Failure to do so would most likely result in doubling the burden of diseases-both communicable and non-communicable-among India's teeming poor. There is a need for periodical surveys using more consistent definitions of tobacco use and eliciting information on different types of tobacco consumed. The study also suggests a need to adjust the prevalence estimates based on household informants.